Quiz 1 ID 2-3 Side Effects Flashcards
What two drugs causes diarrhea, hypersensitivity, seizures with excessive doses?
What is the class?
Carbapenem
- meropenem (Merrem)
- ertapenem (Invanz)
What drug class may cause tendinitis/ tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, and muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis?
Fluoroquinoles
- ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
- levofloxacin (Levaquin)
- moxifloxacin (Vigamox, Avelox)
What drug can cause diarrhea and QTc prolongation?
- azithromycin (Zithromax, Z-Pak, Zmax)
What drug can cause diarrhea, QTc prolongation, AND a metallic taste?
- clarithromycin (Biaxin, Biaxin XL)
Which drug do you not use for systemic infections? And why?
- fidaxomicin (Dificid) is not used for systemic infections b/c there is no systemic absorption
What tetracycline antibiotic causes esophagitis and photosensitivity?
- doxycycline (Vibramycin)
What drug category may cause permanent gray-brown discoloration of teeth or enamel hypoplasia when given to children?
Tetracycline Antibiotics
- doxycycline
- minocycline
Which antibiotics should you take 2 hours before or 6 hours after products that contains divalent or trivalent cations (ex. Dairy products, calcium juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements)?
Hint: Two drug classes
- Tetracycline (2)
- Fluoroquinolone (3)
What drug class can cause QTc prolongation, tendon rupture, increased hepatic transaminases, photosensitivity?
Fluroquinolone (3)
- ciprofloxacin
- levoflaxacin
- moxifloxacin
What drug causes skin rashes, hyperkalemia, increased serum creating, hypersensitivity, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea?
Hint: Combo drug
Sulfonamide Antibiotic
- sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (Bactrim, Bactrim DS)
What is the ratio of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim?
Fixed ratio of (5:1); dosing based on trimehtoprim
What drug when giving in chronic use can cause pulmonary fibrosis?
Urinary Antibiotic
- nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
What drug causes nephrotoxicity and vancomycin infusion reactions?
Glycopeptide
-vancomycin (Vancocin)
What drug causes alcohol intolerance and with long term use cause peripheral neuropathy?
It also has a metallic taste
- metronidazole (Flagyl)
Does mupirocin (Bactroban) have any major side effects?
No
What drug causes abdominal pain, elevated hepatic transaminases, headache, and nausea?
- terbinafine (Lamisil)
What drug causes increased hepatic transaminases and crystalluria?
Note: it is a vesicant
Antiviral
- acyclovir (Zovirax)
What causes increased hepatic transaminases and nausea?
Antiviral
- valcyclovir (Valtrex)
What drug causes QTc prolongation, elevated hepatic transaminases, nausea, and abdominal pain?
- fluconazole (Diflucan)
What drug has a box warning of serious hepatoxicity that can lead to death or requires liver transplantation? Also can lead to QTc prolongation?
Azole Antifungal
- ketoconazole (Nizoral)
What drug can cause rare neuropsychiatric events in pediatrics?
Neuraminidase inhibitor antiviral
- oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Does nystatin have any side effects?
No
What dosage form should be used for thrush?
Oral solution of nystatin
What two side effects can occur with nystatin (topical)?
Burning and itching
What drug causes burning, itching, dryness, and skin atrophy?
You should not use this for diaper dermatitis
Long term use of this can cause adrenal suppression
Hint: drug combo
- betamethasone and clotrimazole (topical)
What drugs can cause QTc prolongation?
- Fluroquinolones ( ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin)
- Azithromycin
- Clarithomycin
- Ketoconazole
What two drugs have a metallic taste?
- Clarithomycin
2. Metronidazole
