QUIZ 1: FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES Flashcards
- A nurse is reading a physician’s progress notes in the client’s record and reads that the physician has documented “insensible fluid loss of approximately 800ml daily.” The nurse understands that this type of fluid loss can occur through:
A. The skin
B. Urinary output
C. Wound drainage
D. The gastrointestinal tract
- A nurse is assigned to care for a group of clients. On review of the client’s medical records, the nurse determines that which client is at risk for deficient fluid volume?
A. A client with a colostomy
B. A client with congestive heart failure
C. A client with decreased kidney function
D. A client receiving frequent wound irrigation
- A nurse caring for a client who has been receiving intravenous diuretics suspects that the client is experiencing deficient fluid volume. Which assessment finding would the nurse note in a client with this condition?
A. Lung congestion
B. Decreased hematocrit
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Decreased central venous pressure
- A nurse is assigned to care for a group of clients. On review of the client’s medical records, the nurse determines that which client is at risk for excess fluid volume?
A. The client taking diuretics
B. Client with renal failure
C. Client with ileostomy
D. The client requiring gastrointestinal suctioning
- The nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure. On assessment, the nurse notes that the client is dyspneic and crackles are audible on auscultation. The nurse suspects excess fluid volume. What additional signs would the nurse expect to note in this client if excess fluid volume is present?
A. Weight loss
B. Flat neck and hand veins
C. An increase in blood pressure
D. A decrease in central venous pressure
- A nurse is preparing to care for a client with a potassium deficit. The nurse reviews the client’s record and determines that the client is at risk for developing a potassium deficit because the client:
A. Has renal failure
B. Requires nasogastric (NG) suction
C. Has a history of Addison’s disease
D. Is taking a potassium-sparing diuretic
- A nurse reviews a client’s electrolyte laboratory report and notes that the potassium level is 3.2 mEq/L. Which of the following would the nurse note on the electrocardiogram (ECG) as a result of the laboratory value?
A. U waves
B. Absent P waves
C. Elevated T waves
D. Elevated ST segment
- A nursing student needs to administer potassium chloride intravenously as prescribed to a client with hypokalemia. The nursing instructor determines that the student is unprepared for this procedure if the student states that which of the following is part of the plan for preparation and administration of the potassium?
A. Obtaining a controlled IV infusion pump
B. Monitoring urine output during administration
C. Diluting in an appropriate amount of normal saline
D. Preparing the medication for bolus administration
- A nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that should be included in the daily diet. The nurse determines that the client understands the food sources of potassium if the client states that the food item lowest in potassium is:
A. Apples
B. Carrots
C. Spinach
D. Avocado
- A nurse caring for a group of clients reviews the electrolyte laboratory results and notes a potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L on one client’s laboratory report. The nurse understands that which client is at highest risk for the development of a potassium value at this level?
A. The client with colitis
B. The client with Cushing’s syndrome
C. A client who has sustained a traumatic burn
D. A client who has been overusing laxatives
- A nurse reviews the electrolyte results of an assigned client and notes that the potassium level is 5.4 mEq/L. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on the ECG as a result of the laboratory value?
A. ST depression
B. Inverted T wave
C. Prominent U wave
D. Tall peaked T waves
- A nurse caring for a group of clients reviews the electrolyte laboratory results and notes a sodium level of 130 mEq/L on one client’s lab report. The nurse understands that which client is at highest risk for the development of a sodium value at this level?
A. The client with renal failure
B. The client who is taking diuretics
C. The client with hyperaldosteronism
D. The client taking corticosteroids
- A nurse is caring for a client with acute congestive heart failure who is receiving high doses of diuretics. On assessment, the nurse notes that the client has flat neck veins, generalized muscle weakness, and diminished deep tendon reflexes. The nurse suspects hyponatremia. What additional signs would the nurse expect to note in this client if hyponatremia were present?
A. Dry skin
B. Decreased urinary output
C. Hyperactive bowel sounds
D. Increased urine specific gravity
- A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube. Nasogastric tube irrigations are prescribed to be performed once every shift. The client’s serum electrolyte results indicate a potassium level of 4.5 mEq/L, and a sodium level of 132 mEq/L. Based on these lab findings, the nurse selects which solution to use for the nasogastric tube irrigation?
A. Tap water
B. Sterile water
C. Sodium chloride
D. Distilled water
- Which of the following should be assessed from a patient who has a pH of 7.25?
A. Anxiety
B. Diarrhea
C. Vomiting
D. Intermittent NG tube suctioning
