Quiz #1 Flashcards
What is a theory?
Hypothesis that has never been proven wrong
EX: gravity
Peer review
reviewed paper/work that is reviewed by many experts or many people
correlation vs. causation
correlation –> are they related
causation –> is one variable caused by the other and only because of the variable?
what is the conclusion of a peer review?
publishing
Curiosity, Mars Rover
- landed in 2012
- searching for evidence of life on mars
- traveling across crater
Five functional traits of life
- growth
- reproduction
- homeostasis
- sense and respond to stimuli
- obtain and use energy (metabolism)
EX:
mules - can’t reproduce
fire - can grow and obtain energy
mars - water?
viruses, prions, bacteria - no cells, lives in harsh environments
charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons
proton = positive charge (+)
neutron = neutral/no charge
electron = negative charge (-)
covalent bond
shared pair of electrons
organic vs. inorganic molecules
organic (has C-H bonds + carbon backbone)
inorganic (could have C-H bonds, but lack carbon backbone)
atomic number vs. atomic mass
atomic number = # of protons
atomic mass = # of protons and neutrons
Cells & their structure: why is there a bilayer?
to keep water in and out (save cell contents)
hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic
hydrophobic - resists water
hydrophilic - attracted to water
Solutions - solvent & solutes
solvent - H20, substance that dissolves others
solutes - dissolved substance
strength of bonds: order
iconic bond (strongest
covalent bonds
hydrogen bonds (weakest)
what is a polar molecule?
unshared electrons: has a negative and positive end (ex: H20)
what is an ion and an ionic bond?
ion bond - charged atom due to loss or added electrons
ionic bon - strong bond
what is a hydrogen bond?
H+
why is water a good solvent?
it’s polar, partial proton and electron ends stick out and want to find there opposite bond
why is water consider “sticky”?
hydrogen bonds
cohesion vs. adhesion
cohesion - stick to each other
adhesion - adhere to surfaces
Viruses and prions
viruses - protein shell, genetic material
prions - protein shell, no genetic material
antibiotics
stops or slows the growth of bacteria without harming human or animal host (ideally)
penicillin
*1928, Alexander Fleming
Penicillium notatum is a fungus that is capable of killing many kinds of bacteria, stopping their reproduction
prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cells
prokaryotic cells
- no organelles
- cell wall
eukaryotic cell
- has a nucleus
- has many organelles
both share:
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
DNA
