Quiz 1 Content Flashcards
The skin is a barrier to…
Harmful chemicals, UV radiation, and infection.
Which layer of skin is composed mainly of Keratinocytes?
Epidermis
How many layers make up the epidermis? (Also name them)
5; stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
True or False: The epidermis receives vascular supply.
False: it is avascular; it receives nutrients by diffusion through the semi-permeable Basement Membrane (BM).
Which layer of the epidermis contains the layers of flattened dead keratinocytes?
Stratum lucidum
A cells journey from the basale layer up through the corenum takes how many days?
14-21 days
If a person injures the epidermis from skidding their knee on the road, will blood appear or not?
If they ONLY damaged the epidermis, they will NOT bleed because it is avascular.
Which kind of epidermal cells are specialized mechanoreceptors?
Merkel cells
Which kind of epidermal cells assist in fighting infection?
Langerhan’s cells
Hair follicles are everywhere except…
Palms and soles
What is the Basement-Membrane Zone?
It is also known as the dermo-epidermal junction. It is where the epidermis and dermis join. It contains many protein and structures; site of inflammation in many diseases; and are important in skin neoplasia. It creates PEGS.
If a patient presents with a blister, what layer/structure is damaged?
Basement-Membrane
What are the two layers of the dermis?
Papillary and reticular dermis.
Function of fibroblast.
Main cells found in dermis, produce collagen and elastic, ground substance
Function of macrophages and leukocytes.
Help fight infection by engulfing harmful substances and releasing destructive enzymes.
Function of mast cells.
Produce chemical mediators of inflammation such as histamine.
Dermis also contains sensory receptors for…
Touch, vibration, temperature, and pressure.
What kind of tissue is being described: highly vascular, loose connective tissue, stores fat for energy, insulation, and protection.
Adipose tissue
What kind of tissue is being described: highly fibrous connective tissue; separates and surrounds structures, facilitates movement between adjacent structures (muscle, tendon, bone).
Fascia
What layers are lost if it is superficial?
Epidermis only
What layers are lost if it is partial thickness?
Epidermis and part of the dermis
What layers are lost if it is full thickness?
Loss of all epidermis, dermis, and into subcutaneous tissue
Superficial skin lesions can result from what three MOIs?
Pressure (shearing and friction), first degree burns, and/or contusions.
Describe a superficial wound healing (broadly).
Stimulates an inflammatory repair process and the soft tissues heal themselves over time.
Which wound healing does not result in granulation?
Primary intention wound healing
MOI for primary intention wound healing.
Drawing wound edges together (sutures).
Results of primary intention wound healing.
Minimal scarring, closure 3-7 days.
Describe delayed primary intention wound healing.
Wounds are contaminated with microorganisms or foreign bodies; wounds with large tissue loss; wounds where intolerable tissue tension would occur; and wound is at risk of infection.
What phase of wound healing is usually closed in 5-7 days after infection risk is significantly decreased or tissue loss is replaced?
Delayed primary intention wound healing
What MOI can lead to partial thickness wound healing?
Abrasions, skin tears, stage II pressure ulcers, or second-degree burns.
What kind of wound leads to secondary intention wound healing (by contraction)?
When the wound extends through full thickness of the skin.
What are the three overlapping phases of repair with secondary intention?
Inflammation, repair (proliferation), and remodeling.
Does a lot or little epithelialization occur with secondary intention?
Little because a scar forms immediately
True or False: the tissue from secondary intention will return to 100% of tensile strength.
False, it will NEVER return to 100% tensile strength, it will be 80% less.
