Quiz 1 Content

Question 1

The skin is a barrier to…

Answer 1

Harmful chemicals, UV radiation, and infection.

Question 2

Which layer of skin is composed mainly of Keratinocytes?

Answer 2

Epidermis

Question 3

How many layers make up the epidermis? (Also name them)

Answer 3

5; stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.

Question 4

True or False: The epidermis receives vascular supply.

Answer 4

False: it is avascular; it receives nutrients by diffusion through the semi-permeable Basement Membrane (BM).

Question 5

Which layer of the epidermis contains the layers of flattened dead keratinocytes?

Answer 5

Stratum lucidum

Question 6

A cells journey from the basale layer up through the corenum takes how many days?

Answer 6

14-21 days

Question 7

If a person injures the epidermis from skidding their knee on the road, will blood appear or not?

Answer 7

If they ONLY damaged the epidermis, they will NOT bleed because it is avascular.

Question 8

Which kind of epidermal cells are specialized mechanoreceptors?

Answer 8

Merkel cells

Question 9

Which kind of epidermal cells assist in fighting infection?

Answer 9

Langerhan’s cells

Question 10

Hair follicles are everywhere except…

Answer 10

Palms and soles

Question 11

What is the Basement-Membrane Zone?

Answer 11

It is also known as the dermo-epidermal junction. It is where the epidermis and dermis join. It contains many protein and structures; site of inflammation in many diseases; and are important in skin neoplasia. It creates PEGS.

Question 12

If a patient presents with a blister, what layer/structure is damaged?

Answer 12

Basement-Membrane

Question 13

What are the two layers of the dermis?

Answer 13

Papillary and reticular dermis.

Question 14

Function of fibroblast.

Answer 14

Main cells found in dermis, produce collagen and elastic, ground substance

Question 15

Function of macrophages and leukocytes.

Answer 15

Help fight infection by engulfing harmful substances and releasing destructive enzymes.

Question 16

Function of mast cells.

Answer 16

Produce chemical mediators of inflammation such as histamine.

Question 17

Dermis also contains sensory receptors for…

Answer 17

Touch, vibration, temperature, and pressure.

Question 18

What kind of tissue is being described: highly vascular, loose connective tissue, stores fat for energy, insulation, and protection.

Answer 18

Adipose tissue

Question 19

What kind of tissue is being described: highly fibrous connective tissue; separates and surrounds structures, facilitates movement between adjacent structures (muscle, tendon, bone).

Answer 19

Fascia

Question 20

What layers are lost if it is superficial?

Answer 20

Epidermis only

Question 21

What layers are lost if it is partial thickness?

Answer 21

Epidermis and part of the dermis

Question 22

What layers are lost if it is full thickness?

Answer 22

Loss of all epidermis, dermis, and into subcutaneous tissue

Question 23

Superficial skin lesions can result from what three MOIs?

Answer 23

Pressure (shearing and friction), first degree burns, and/or contusions.

Question 24

Describe a superficial wound healing (broadly).

Answer 24

Stimulates an inflammatory repair process and the soft tissues heal themselves over time.

Question 25

Which wound healing does not result in granulation?

Answer 25

Primary intention wound healing

Question 26

MOI for primary intention wound healing.

Answer 26

Drawing wound edges together (sutures).

Question 27

Results of primary intention wound healing.

Answer 27

Minimal scarring, closure 3-7 days.

Question 28

Describe delayed primary intention wound healing.

Answer 28

Wounds are contaminated with microorganisms or foreign bodies; wounds with large tissue loss; wounds where intolerable tissue tension would occur; and wound is at risk of infection.

Question 29

What phase of wound healing is usually closed in 5-7 days after infection risk is significantly decreased or tissue loss is replaced?

Answer 29

Delayed primary intention wound healing

Question 30

What MOI can lead to partial thickness wound healing?

Answer 30

Abrasions, skin tears, stage II pressure ulcers, or second-degree burns.

Question 31

What kind of wound leads to secondary intention wound healing (by contraction)?

Answer 31

When the wound extends through full thickness of the skin.

Question 32

What are the three overlapping phases of repair with secondary intention?

Answer 32

Inflammation, repair (proliferation), and remodeling.

Question 33

Does a lot or little epithelialization occur with secondary intention?

Answer 33

Little because a scar forms immediately

Question 34

True or False: the tissue from secondary intention will return to 100% of tensile strength.

Answer 34

False, it will NEVER return to 100% tensile strength, it will be 80% less.