Quiz 1: Common weeds S/A Flashcards
what is a weed
any plant growing where its not wanted
name 4 reasons to get rid of weeds
- disfigure lawn
- interfere with crop production/ decreases yield/ quality palatability
- poison livestock
- discomfort to humans through contact or inhalation
- often carrier of other diseases, fungi bacteria
describe annual weeds, give 2 examples
-germinate, bloom and reproduce then die in one growing season
ex smooth crabgrass, spotted spurge, black medick,prostrate knotweed, lady’s thumb, purslane,
describe winter annual weeds, give 2 examples
- germinate and produce leafy rossette in fall, bloom seed and die following summer
ex. garlic mustard
describe biennial weeds, give 2 examples
-germinate and grow leafy rossette in first growing season, flower, reproduce and die second season
ex Burdock
describe herbaceous perennial weeds
give 1 example
- live many years, develop each year from underground stems, roots or crowns and usually reproduce each year; dieback to ground each winter
ex. field bindweed, field horsetail, ground ivy, broad- leaved plantain, dandelion
describe woody perennial weeds
give 1 ex
trees, shrubs and woody vines that produce new growth each year from above ground branches, stems and twigs, occasionally underground stems, roots or crowns
ex climbing nightshade
name 3 ways weeds can be controlled?
- mulch- 2.5” res, 4” rural
- pulling by hand
- thermal- flaming or hot water
name1 weeds that grow in compacted grass
- knotweed
name 1 weeds that grow in sandy soil
- horse tails
name 1 weed that grows in poorly drained soil
- plantain
name 3 weeds that grow in infertile soil
- black medic
- crabgrasses
- plantain
name 2 weeds that grow in acidic soil
- plantains
3. many mosses
name 3 edible weeds
- Purslane
- Garlic Mustard
- Dandelion
where does Alliaria petiolata grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) moist woods, swampy areas, ditches/ roadside Southern ON
b) easy; pull by hand
where does Arctium minus grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) mostly naturakl areas, rarely cultivated land
b) easy to pull- do so before seeds
where does Convolvulus arvensis grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) cultivated fields, gardens, lawns, roadside, waste
b) impossible to eliminate,, best control by hoeing and tiling
where does Digitaria ischaemum grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) crops, waste, edges gardens and lawns ( infertile)
b) easy–> remove my hand
where does Equisetum arvense grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) depressional areas, poorly drained soils, sand, gravel, crops
b) hard –> by hand
which weeds on list are toxic?
- Equisetum arvense
2. Solanum dulcamara
where does Euphorbia nutans grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) cultivated land, gardens, waste and roadside
b) easy - pull by hand
where does Glechoma hederacea grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) gardens, roadside, waste, pasture, open woods, ocas. cultivated fields
b) hard –> cultivated and re-sod
where does Medicago lupulina grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) moist areas, usually lawns
b) by hand, topicals not effective
where does Plantago major grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) cultivated land, pasture, waste, roadside, lawns
b) weed b gone, hand pull
where does Polygonum aviculare grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) gravel soil, full sun little moisture
b) shallow roots, effective by hand
where does Polygonum persicaria grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) cultivated land, roadsides, waste areas
b) by hand- easy
where does Portulaca oleracea grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) little moisture, crops, waste, driveway edges, NOT heavy shade
b) pull
where does Solanum dulcamara grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) open woods, edge of fields, fence lines, roadsides, ocas. hedges and gardens
b) easy to dog out by hand
where does Taraxacum officinale grow? how do you get rid of it?
a) anywhere
b) easy to get rid out, must ensure remove tap root by hand
t or f : any plant can be a weed
true; any plant that is unwanted or out of place
t or f ; weeds are harmless
false; deprive other plants of water and nutrients, cause allergies and irritate, economic loss via crops
t or f; all weeds die naturally after first frost
false; weeds can be annual, biennial, perennial - can leave behind seeds to take their place following season
t or f; weeds are especially adapted to spread
true
t or f; weeds produce the same number of seeds as grass and ornamental plants
false; weed 10 000-100 000 seeds
most plants 100s
