Quiz 1: Clinical Outcome Measures + Support Servicse

Question 1

True Positive

Answer 1

Correctly identifies the presence of a condition

Question 2

True Negative

Answer 2

Correctly identifies the absence of a condition

Question 3

False Positive

Answer 3

Incorrectly indicates the presence of a condition

Question 4

False Negative

Answer 4

Incorrectly indicates the absence of a condition

Question 5

Sensitivity

Answer 5

• Sensitivity = TP / (TP+FN)
• A high sensitivity value indicates that the test is good at detecting the condition when it is present

Question 6

Specificity = (TN) / (TN+FP)

Answer 6

A high specificity value indicates that the test is good at confirming the absence of the condition

Question 7

Odds Ratio

Answer 7

• Measure of association between an exposure and an outcome
• The odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of the exposure
• An OR of 1 implies that the event is equally likely in both groups

Question 8

Likelihood Ratio

Answer 8

Assess the value of performing a diagnostic test. They combine the information of sensitivity and specificity

Question 9

LR+ Greater than 1

Answer 9

Increases the likelihood of the disease

Question 10

LR - 1

Answer 10

Decreases the likelihood of the disease

Question 11

Positive Predictive Value

Answer 11

A measure of the probability that subjects with a positive diagnostic test truly have the disease

Question 12

Negative Predictive Value

Answer 12

A measure of the probability that subjects with a negative diagnostic test truly do not have the disease.
- A high NPV indicates that when the test is negative, it is highly likely to be correctly indicating the absence of the condition

Question 13

Prevalence

Answer 13

The proportion of a population who have a specific characteristic at a specific point in time
(Tells you how widespread a disease or condition is in a population at a given time)

• Number of existing cases / Total Population

Question 14

Incidence

Answer 14

• A measure of the rate at which new cases of a disease occur in a population over a specified period of time
• Provides information about the risk of contracting the disease for individuals in a population

Question 15

Risk Ratio (Relative Risk)

Answer 15

• Measure of the probability of an event occurring in an exposed group to the probability of an event occurring in a comparison, non exposed group
• A risk ratio of 1 indicates no difference in risk between groups
• A risk ratio greater than 1 indicates increased or decreased risk.

Question 16

How to ensure the potential patient/client is appropriate for physical therapy

Answer 16

1) Perform thorough systems review during initial evaluation
2) Determine if the reason for going to physical therapy is related to a Neuromuscular, or MSK dysfunction within the scope of PT practice

Question 17

When to assess if the patient is still appropriate for PT

Answer 17

1) If the patient is not getting better with plan of care and interventions implemented
2) If patient is getting worse
3) If patient develops new signs and symptoms that may indicate a non-PT source for the patient/client’s condition

Question 18

What is a yellow flag

Answer 18

Signs and symptoms that should cause the healthcare practitioner to utilize caution and perform further evaluation

Question 19

What is a red flag?

Answer 19

Associated with signs and symptoms that are historically associated with high risk factors to specific diseases

Question 20

What do you do when these yellow or red flags appear?

Answer 20

Follow up with screening to further evaluation the issue