Quiz 1

Question 1

A class of mutations that results in multiple contiguous amino acid changes in proteins is likely to be which of the following?
  base analog 
  transversion 
  transition 
  frameshift 
  recombinant

Answer 1

frameshift

Question 2

Mutations that arise in nature, from no particular artificial agent, are called ________

Answer 2

spontaneous mutations

Question 3

(T/F) Not all mutations result in negative phenotypic consequences.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

(T/F) Gene mutations in somatic cells are heritable.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Ionizing radiation is capable of breaking __________ bonds in the DNA.

Answer 5

Phosphodiester bonds

Question 6

(T/F) All errors made by DNA polymerases are corrected by proofreading mechanisms.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Driver mutations provide a growth advantage to a tumor cell. Which type of mutation is known to accumulate in cancer cells but has no direct contribution to the cancer phenotype?

Answer 7

Passanger mutations

Question 8

Mutant versions of genes that are normally involved in promoting the cell cycle are known as _______

Answer 8

Oncogenes

Question 9

What is the name of the protein that appears to regulate the entry of cells into an S phase? This protein is also known as the “guardian of the genome.”

Answer 9

p53

Question 10

Ras is a

Answer 10

proto-oncogene

Question 11

p53 is a?

Answer 11

tumor-suppressor gene

Question 12

(T/F) Cancer can be caused by a single gene mutation.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

(T/F) A cell in a benign tumor has the ability to start a secondary tumor.

Answer 13

False. only metastatic tumors

Question 14

Restriction endonucleases are especially useful if they generate “sticky” ends. What makes an end sticky?

Answer 14

The zig zag structure, so a single-stranded complementary tails

Question 15

Some vectors such as pUC18 and others of the pUC series contain a large number of restriction enzyme sites clustered in one region. Which term is given to this advantageous arrangement of restriction sites?

Answer 15

multiple cloning site

Question 16

In the context of molecular genetics, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) refers to ____

Answer 16

assembling a DNA sequence from an mRNA

Question 17

A ddNTP, used often in DNA sequencing, lacks a(n) ________ at the ________ and ________ carbons

Answer 17

OH; 2′; 3′

Question 18

(T/F) The antibiotic resistance gene located in the cloning vector ultimately allows you to determine whether the gene of interest was successfully inserted into said vector.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

(T/F) If the lac Z gene is disrupted in the vector, then X-gal will not be cleaved.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

(T/F) A genomic DNA library contains only the expressed genes in a cell.

Answer 20

False.