Quiz 1

Question 1

What is the triangulation method?

Answer 1

• multiple method approach such as multiple theories, multiple researchers, and multiple data techniques
• all directed towards the research idea will help identify errors and inconsistencies in the research design and results

Question 2

Explain the difference between qual. and quant. research methods?

Answer 2

• quan. measures number and statistics in the collection of the data
• qual. using mainly words and descriptions in the collection and analysis of data
• quant. is more objective and researcher observes data while qual. can me more immersed

Question 3

what is the main goal of qual. research?

Answer 3

• empathy: seeing through the eyes of other people
• in depth description and analysis
• emphasis on process: showing how events and patterns unfold over time
• flexibility and structure

Question 4

what is symbolic interactionism?

Answer 4

• meanings as social products formed through actives of people interacting (herbert blumer)
• 1. actions result from meaning
• 2. different people see things differntly
• 3. our meaning can change

Question 5

difference between deduction and induction

Answer 5

• deducation begins with a theory or explanation and tries to test it
• induction collects data first than tries and derive a theory from it

Question 6

difference between deduction and induction

Answer 6

• deducation begins with a theory or explanation and tries to test it
• induction collects data first than tries and derive a theory from it

Question 7

What are Lincoln and Guba’s Evaulative Critieria

Answer 7

• confidence in the truth of the findings
  1. persistant observation
  2. triangulation
  3. peer debriefing
  4. member checking (informant feedback)

Question 8

What are Lincoln and Guba’s Evaulative Critieria

Answer 8

• confidence in the truth of the findings
  1. persistant observation
  2. triangulation
  3. peer debriefing
  4. member checking (informant feedback)
  5. transferability (results useful in other research)
  6. depdentability (research model can me done again)

Question 9

what is a spiral research model?

Answer 9

• no linear
• leaves no stage behind
• revistes previous stages

Question 10

purpose of theory-research model

Answer 10

-empirical research; leads to refutation of research

Question 11

purpose of research-theory model

Answer 11

-theory development;initiations, deflects, clarifies theories

Question 12

literature review formats

Answer 12

• dispel myths
• justify assumptions
• clarify the focus on your own work
• explain competing conceptual models

Question 13

difference between conceptualize and operationalize

Answer 13

-conceptualize defines a concept while operationalize provides the criteries for measuring the concept

Question 14

concept mapping

Answer 14

• research tool to help clarify confusions and assist in research design
• helps us better understand relationships

Question 15

convenience sampels

Answer 15

• quick and inexpensive
• used frequently
• associated risks

Question 16

purposive samples

Answer 16

• can be profiably used
• expertly selected
• lacks genality

Question 17

snowball samples

Answer 17

-identify subjects with characteristics who than refer other with similar characteristics to the study

Question 18

-quota samples

Answer 18

• stratified samples

- non-probability to fill cells

Question 19

data reduction

Answer 19

• data is coded and shortened; better undstanding and accessbilitiy
  1. simple: same chance for inclusion
  2. systamtic: every (5th) sample etc.
  3. stratified random: samples from subgroups

Question 20

probability sample

Answer 20

• mathetmatically repsentative of larger population;random sampling
  1. convenience
  2. purposive
  3. snowball
  4. quota: based on demographics and come up with qupta

Question 21

non probability sample

Answer 21

-doesnt need population units; best used for difficult or sensitive populations