Quiz 1

Question 1

What is the national database used to make the phylogenic trees?

Answer 1

National Center for Biotechnology Information via the application MEGA7

Question 2

What is the name of the branch of phylogeny that uses molecular differences to determine evolutionary relationships?

Answer 2

Molecular systematics using phylogenic trees *

Question 3

What are the 3 principle steps involved in the phylogenetic pipeline?

Answer 3

1. Collect protein sequences
2. Align sequences using MUSCLE
3. Build the phylogenic tree

Question 4

You made two types of trees last week, what were they?

Answer 4

1. Neighbor joining tree: Sum of branch length tried out, and pairs yielding smallest sums are joined; only makes one tree and neglects other combos; could be bias.
2. Maximum likelihood tree: calculates the likelihood that a certain evolutionary model has yielded these results for possible trees and employs the tree with the highest likelihood

Question 5

We used the highest number when selecting proteins for alignments, what did that number represent?

Answer 5

The number of amino acids in the protein strand

Question 6

Flowering plants have:
Vascular tissue?
Seeds or seedless?

Answer 6

Flowering plants have seeds and are vascular

Question 7

Gymnosperms:
Vascular tissue?
Seeds or seedless?

Answer 7

Gymnosperms (pinecones) are vascular and have seeds

Question 8

Ferns and allies:
Vascular tissue?
Seeds or seedless?

Answer 8

Ferns and allies have NO seeds (are seedless) and are vascular

Question 9

Lycophytes:
Vascular tissue?
Seeds or seedless?

Answer 9

Lycophytes have NO seeds (are seedless) and are vascular

Question 10

Mossess:
Vascular tissue?
Seeds or seedless?
Other characteristics if applicable:

Answer 10

Mosses are nonvascular so seeds/seedless is NOT APPLICABLE… They are bryophytes meaning that they provide the means for their neighbors to live by collecting water, nutrients, etc.

Question 11

Hornworts:
Vascular tissue?
Seeds or seedless?
Other characteristics if applicable:

Answer 11

Hornworts are nonvascular so seeds/seedless is NOT APPLICABLE… They are bryophytes meaning that they provide the means for their neighbors to live by collecting water, nutrients, etc.

Question 12

Liverworts:
Vascular tissue?
Seeds or seedless?
Other characteristics if applicable:

Answer 12

Liverworts are nonvascular so seeds/seedless is NOT APPLICABLE… They are bryophytes meaning that they provide the means for their neighbors to live by collecting water, nutrients, etc.

Question 13

Which plants are byrocytes?

Answer 13

Mosses, hornworts and liverworts

Question 14

Which plants are vascular and have seeds?

Answer 14

Flowering plants and gymnosperms

Question 15

Which plants are vascular and seedless?

Answer 15

Ferns and allies, lycophytes

Question 16

Charophytes:
Vascular tissue?
Seeds or seedless?
Other characteristics if applicable:

Answer 16

None of the above

Freshwater green algae (Share common green algal ancestor with all the plants listed)