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Operating Systems > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

Study for quiz 1 with Liquang Wang.

1
Q

compute-server

A

provides interface to client to request services

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2
Q

file-server

A

provides interface for clients to store and retrieve files

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3
Q

peer-to-peer

A

broadcast request for service and responds to requests for service via discovery protocol

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4
Q

software real-time system

A

specialized OS; real-time job gets higher priority and maintains it until it completes

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5
Q

hardware real-time system

A

specialized OS; guarantees that real-time jobs complete on time (missile control/robotics) and requires special hardware to implement

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6
Q

handheld systems

A

specialized hardware, lack of virtual memory, limited function with small, very limited OSs

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7
Q

OS Components

A

process management, IO management, main memory management, file & storage management, networking , protection and security, user interface

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8
Q

process or job

A

process is a program in execution; it is a key concept

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9
Q

do we need to load the entire program code into memory to execute it?

A

no

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10
Q

tasks of process management:

A

create, load, execute, suspend, resume, and terminate processes; process scheduling, process communication, process synchronization; allocate/de-allocate resources properly

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11
Q

tasks of io management of os

A

hide the details of hardware devices, maintain and provide device driver interfaces

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12
Q

main memory management

A

maximize memory utilization; map process to physical addresses and loaded into main memory to be executed

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13
Q

tasks of main memory management of os

A

keep track of memory

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14
Q

file & storage management

A

efficient and convenient

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15
Q

RAID?

A

duplicates important data

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16
Q

task of storage management

A

bad block marking, scheduling IO requests

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17
Q

protection v security

A

controlling access of processes or users to resources vs. defense of the system against internal and external attacks

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18
Q

shell scripts: interpreted or compiled? consequences?

A

interpreted, run slower

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19
Q

two types of popular classes of shells:

A

c shell and variants; bourne shell and variants

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20
Q

c shell

A

csh

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21
Q

variant c shell

A

tcsh

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22
Q

bourne shell

A

sh

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23
Q

variants

A

bash, ksh

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24
Q

two ways of launching scripts:

A

direct and indirect interpretation

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25
Q

direct interpretation

A

csh scriptfile [args..]

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26
Q

indirect interpretation

A 
first line must be: 
#!/bin/csh

must be executable

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27
Q

predefined shell variables

A

$HOME, $PATH

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28
Q

environment variables cshell

A

setenv PRINTER printer1

29
Q

environment variables bourne

A

PRINTER=printer1

30
Q

set variable c shell

A

set x = 1

31
Q

set variable in bourne

A

x=1

32
Q

start c shell scripts

A

!/bin/csh

33
Q

bourne bash shell scripts

A

!/bin/bash

34
Q

forget beginning shell script line

A

default shell used

35
Q

end for switches and cases in switch statements

A

endsw / breaksw

36
Q

goto

A

Do Not Do: jump unconditionally to a label

37
Q

three types of control statements

A

conditions, loops, branch

38
Q

conditional in bourne shell script

A

tests successful, not true or false

39
Q

return code values

A

0 if successful, non zero if not (1.255)

40
Q

end if statements

A

fi

41
Q

then required?

A

yes

42
Q

test

A

checks validity

43
Q

three kinds of tests

A

files, strings, integers

44
Q

test alias

A

[]

45
Q

do-while in bash?

A

unto
do
done

46
Q

three ways to pass parameters to os

A

registers, block, stack

47
Q

40s-early 50s

A

vacuum tubes, single user, machine language

48
Q

mid 50s early 60s

A

transistors, punch cards, batch processing, scientific programs

49
Q

batch processing

A

sequential read of card decks

50
Q

mid 60s to 70s

A

integrated circuit, multiprogramming, multitasking (time sharing)

51
Q

context switch

A

mid 60s to 70s

52
Q

80s to present

A

personal computer and GUI, internet and distributed systems, PCs are too slow to solve heavy CPU scientific problems that require more advanced systems, security and protection

53
Q

multicaching

A

different cores can store to cache vs. ram

54
Q

multithreading

A

share cache

55
Q

multicore

A

cheaper than multi CPUs; each core has its own lvl 1 cache, but they can share lvl 2 cache

56
Q

ethernet

A

most popular = LAN

57
Q

cluster

A

multiple computers connected

58
Q

parallel vs distributed

A

everyone does the same job but simultaneously vs. emphasis functionality + size, different computers runs different applications

59
Q

multiprocessor

A

share bus, clock, memory, IO; symmetric and asymmetric

60
Q

symmetric

A

peer structure

61
Q

asymmetric

A

master/slave structure

62
Q

manycore

A

GPU (thousands, many thousands: cheaper, simpler)

63
Q

send data from program 1 to program 2?

A

network, pipe, shared memory

64
Q

cluster and grid systems like multiprocessors

A

don’t share bus

65
Q

software generated interrupt

A

trap

66
Q

interrupt vector

A

interrupt transfers control to the interrupt service routine; contains addresses of all the service routines

67
Q

where does OS preserve the state of CPU to serve an interrupt

A

registers

68
Q

Two IO methods

A

synchronous vs. asynchronous

Operating Systems (1 decks)

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