Quiz 1

Question 1

MP Class 1

Answer 1

full view of uvula and tonsillar pillars, soft palate.

Question 2

MP Class 2

Answer 2

partial view of uvula or uvular base, partial view of tonsils, soft palate

Question 3

MP Class 3

Answer 3

soft palate only

Question 4

MP Class 4

Answer 4

hard palate only

Question 5

Larynx Location

Answer 5

Adult-located anterior to 3rd-6th cervical vertebra.

At birth: level at C3-4

A-O extension: normally 35 degrees

Question 6

Nerve innervation- cricothyroid

Answer 6

Tensor of VC (Extensor SLN)

Question 7

Superior Laryngeal Nerve

Answer 7

• Internal SLN provides sensation to supraglottic & ventricle compartment, STIMULATION CAUSES LARYNGOSPASM
• External SLN provides motor innervation of cricothyroid muscle

Question 8

Epiglottis

Answer 8

• Flap-like structure

- Positioned upright to allow air passage during inspiration

Question 9

Vallecula

Answer 9

Space anterior to the epiglottis at root of tongue

Pressure on hyoepiglottic ligament lifts epiglottis during laryngoscopy

Question 10

Abduction of Vocal Cords

Answer 10

Move apart
Passive resting position 
Abduct during inspiration
Posterior Cricoarytenoid only abductor muscle
RLN stimulation opens VF

Question 11

Adduction of Vocal Cords

Answer 11

Adduction = Move together
Intrinsic muscles close & tense the vocal folds
RLN responsible for adduction of VF
SLN tenses the VF via the Cricothyroid muscle

Question 12

Sellick’s Maneuver

Answer 12

Pressure on the cricoid applied posteriorly closes the Esophagus
Prevents gastric regurgitation into trachea. Use during RSI, trauma, full stomach, GERD, obesity, pregnancy, gastroparesis (DM), SBO, pyloric stenosis, etc…
Aligns glottic opening during intubation
Prevents ventilation of air into stomach

Question 13

Carina

Answer 13

carina (level T5-7) divides into 2 bronchi @ 25cm from teeth

Question 14

Conducting Airways

Answer 14

do not participate in gas exchange, ventilation but no perfusion.

30% of each normal breath remains in airway (150ml/700ml breath

Question 15

Simple Diffusion

Answer 15

Simple diffusion allows gaseous exchange between airspace & pulmonary capillaries

Question 16

Gas Exchange segment- Acinus

Answer 16

Respiratory bronchiole

alveolar ducts & sacs

alveoli

Question 17

Alveoli: Type I Pneumocyte

Answer 17

PC I covers 95% of alveolar wall
Squamous epithelial cell
Flat thin cells designed to increase alveolar surface area

Question 18

Alveoli: Type II Pneumocyte

Answer 18

PC II secretes Surfactant
Surfactant (surface-active material)
Mix of proteins, phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine)& ions
Mixes with water molecules and decreases the cohesiveness thus diminishing the surface tension of alveolar fluid which reduces the force necessary to inflate the alveoli and facilitates breathing
Prevents alveolar collapse during expiration, important in neonate