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Aviation weather > quiz 1 > Flashcards

quiz 1 Flashcards

100

1
Q

Composition of the earths dry atmosphere is about

A

21% oxygen,78% nitrogen and 1% other gases

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2
Q

Air is never completely dry,it contains near 0 to what % of water vapor

A

5%

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3
Q

The transition zone between the lowest layer of the atmosphere and the layer above it is
called the _______________________________. This transition zone acts to trap most
of the water vapor in the _______________________________.

A

Tropoause

Troposphere

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4
Q

ISA stands for

A

International standard atmosphere

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5
Q

. In the ISA, the sea-level temperature and pressure is _______oC, ______oF and
___________”Hg, ___________ mb(hPa).

A

15
59
29.92
1013.2

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6
Q

At the lower levels of the ISA, the temperature decreases at ______oC per 1,000’ of
altitude increase, and the pressure drops ______”Hg per 1,000’ of altitude increase

A

2

1

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7
Q

The standard temperature at 10,500 MSL is _______oC

A

-6

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8
Q

The standard temperature at 25,000 MSL is _______oC

A

-35

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9
Q

_________________ ___________________ is the cause of most weather
phenomena

A

Temp variation

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10
Q

T/F Temperature is a major factor in determining aircraft performance

A

T

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11
Q

The Earth receives energy from the sun in the form of solar radiation. In turn, the Earth
radiates energy back out into space thru ____________________
_____________________.

A

Terrestrial radiation

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12
Q

Two commonly used temperature scales are __________________ and
_____________________.

A

Celsius and Fahrenheit

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13
Q

What are the conversion formulas for Celsius and Fahrenheit?
oC =
oF =

A

5/9(F-32)

9/5C+32

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14
Q

Convert 25 degrees F to C

A

-3.5

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15
Q

Which scale is always used to report temperatures aloft and on the ground in aviation
weather reports and forecast?

A

Celsius

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16
Q

When heated, air Expands / Contracts. When cooled, air Expands / Contracts

A

Expands

Contracts

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17
Q

Explain why you would see higher temperature variations in dry arid inland environments
as compared to coastal environments.

A

Water is much more resistant to temp change and warms up or cools down areas around it faster or slower

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18
Q

Why does the amount of solar radiation received vary by region?

A

seasons,latitude,topography and altitude

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19
Q

. An ________________________ often develops near the ground on clear, cool nights
when wind is light which causes the temperature to increase with height.

A

inversion

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20
Q

_____________ absorbs and radiates heat much faster than ___________________.

A

Land

Water

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21
Q

The instrument designed for measuring atmospheric pressure is the _______________________

A

Barometer

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22
Q

Two commonly used pressure units are _____________________ and ____________________

A

inches of mercury hg

hectopascal hPa

23
Q

The standard pressure at mean sea level is ____________ or _____________________.

A
  1. 29 in

1013. 25 md

24
Q

Pressure varies primarily with ___________________ and ________________________

A

Altitude

temperature

25
Q

Station Press” is the pressure measured at ___________________________________________

A

field elevation

26
Q

Within the lower few thousand feet of the troposphere, the pressure decreases roughly _____ per
______-foot increase in altitude; therefore the ISA pressure at 7,500’ MSL is _______.

A

1in
1000
22.42

27
Q

The rate of decrease of pressure with height in warm air is ______________than standard, and the rate
of decrease of pressure with height in cold air is _________________than standard

A

less

greater

28
Q

The higher we go, the slower / faster is the rate of decrease with height.

A

slower

29
Q

What are isobars?

A

lines that plot sea level pressure on a map

30
Q

A LOW is

A

area of pressure surrounded on all sides by high pressure

31
Q

A HIGH is

A

surrounded on all sides by low pressure

32
Q

A TROUGH

A

enlongated area of low pressure

33
Q

Low-pressure systems are often are regions of______________ flying weather, while high-pressure
systems are often regions of _____________ flying weather.

A

poor

favorible

34
Q

True altitude is the distance above ______________ _______________ ___________

A

MSL

35
Q

Indicated Altitude is ______________________________________________

A

altitude above mean sea level when set to local

36
Q

While flying, barometric pressure drops .75”Hg. You fail to adjust your altimeter setting. Once you arrive
to your destination you would be _______feet higher / lower than your intended altitude.

A

750 lower

37
Q

Pressure Altitude is __________________________

A

Pressure altitude is the height above a standard datum plane (SDP), which is a theoretical level where the weight of the atmosphere is 29.92 “Hg (1,013.2 mb) as measured by a barometer.

38
Q

You can determine pressure altitude by setting your altimeter to the standard altimeter setting of
_______ in the window.

A

29.92

39
Q

When descending through 18,000 feet MSL you must _________

A

set altimeter

40
Q

Pressure altitude is 8000 feet. Temperature is 76F. What is the density altitude?___________

A

11,000

41
Q

Describe how high density altitude affects aircraft performance

A

reduces power because there is less air and less propeller grip,less thrust and lift

42
Q

Hypoxia may affect night vision at altitudes as low as ______

A

5000

43
Q

Differences in atmospheric pressure are caused by differences in _____

A

Temp

44
Q

The horizontal air flow in a convective current is called ________

A

wind

45
Q

Closely spaced isobars mean ___________________________ whereas widely spaced isobars mean
_________________________.

A

strong winds

light winds

46
Q

Explain Coriolis Effect. _______

A

air moving across the surface of the earth seems to be deflected by rotational forces

47
Q

Because of the Coriolis effect, in the northern hemisphere the wind around a High moves
Clockwise / Counterclockwise, and the wind around a Low moves Clockwise / Counterclockwise

A

clockwise

counterclockwise

48
Q

Generally, as a rule of thumb, if you are flying on a cross country flight in a left crosswind, you are flying
toward an area of ___________________ weather.

A

Bad

49
Q

Why are the winds in a hurricane so strong? _____

A

very low pressure

50
Q

At the surface, ____________________ causes the wind to flow at an approximate 30o angle to isobars

A

friction

51
Q

A Jet Stream is a band of winds meandering through the atmosphere at a level near the

A

tropopause

52
Q

Where is wind shear normally found?

A

two different wind masses moving at different speeds

53
Q

What is the primary danger of wind shear?

A

turbulance

Aviation weather (1 decks)

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