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GM Biomechanics > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the objective in biomechanics

A

To understand the loading condition of tissues and their mechanical responses

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2
Q

What is the study of forces and their effects

A

Mechanics

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3
Q

What branch of mechanics deals with the geometry of the motion of objects (including displacement, acceleration, velocity)

A

Kinematics

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4
Q

What is the study of relationships between the force system acting on the body and the changes it produces in body motion

A

Kinetics

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5
Q

What uses the principles of mechanics for solving problems related to structure and function of biologic and physiologic systems

A

Biomechanics

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6
Q

What biomechanical quantitative analysis deals with magnitude only

A

Scalars

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7
Q

What does scalars measure

A

Distance, speed, mass

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8
Q

What biomechanical quantitative analysis deals with magnitude and direction

A

Vectors

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9
Q

What do vectors measure?

A

Displacement, velocity, accel, weight, momentum, and force

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10
Q

What are vectors graphically represented by

A

Arrows

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11
Q

Is distance a scalar or vector quality

A

Scalar

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12
Q

Is distance a scalar or vector quality

A

Vector quality

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13
Q

What deals with how much ground an object has covered during its motion

A

Distance

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14
Q

What determines how far out an object is and an overall change in position

A

Displacement

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15
Q

Is speed a scalar quantity or a vector quality

A

Scalar

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16
Q

Is velocity a scalar quantity or a vector quality

A

Vector

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17
Q

What is speed

A

How fast an object is moving

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18
Q

What is velocity

A

The rate at which an object changes its position

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19
Q

How do you maximize velocity

A

Must maximize the amount displaced from original position

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20
Q

Is speed or velocity ignorant of direction

A

Speed

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21
Q

Is speed or velocity direction aware

A

Velocity

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22
Q

What is the equation for speed

A

Distance/time = rate at which an object covers distance

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23
Q

What is the equation of velocity

A

Displacement/time

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24
Q

Rate of displacement =

A

Rapid amplitude = short depth

25
Q

Why is velocity important with chiropractic

A

HVLA.= high velocity, low amplitude

26
Q

What is acceleration

A

The rate at which an object changes its velocity

27
Q

What is the equation for acceleration

A

Change in velocity/time

28
Q

What has to do with changing how fast an object is moving

A

Acceleration

29
Q

What type of biomechanical quantity is acceleration

A

Vector quantity

30
Q

The direction of the acceleration vector depends on what two things

A
  • whether an object is speeding up or slowing down

- whether an object is moving in the + or- direction

31
Q

What type of quantity is mass

A

Scalar

32
Q

What type of quantity is weight

A

Vector quantity

33
Q

What refers to the amount of matter that is contained by the object

A

Mass

34
Q

What is the force of gravity upon that object

A

The weight

35
Q

Gravitational attraction between two bodies changes when what is changed

A

The distance between their centers (farther = less attraction)

36
Q

What quantity is momentum

A

Vector quantity

37
Q

What is momentum

A

Mass in motion, quantitiy of motion an object possesses

38
Q

What is the equation of momentum

A

Mass * velocity or p=m*v

39
Q

Double the mass = ___ the momentum

A

Double the momentum

40
Q

What is force measured in

A

Newtons (N)

41
Q

What quantitiy is force

A

Vector

42
Q

What is an action (push or pull) upon a body causing it to deform or move

A

Force

43
Q

What is the equation for mass

A

Mass*acceleration = force

44
Q

What do we have to do to increase force

A

Either increase mass or the acceleration, if you increase both then force greatly increases

45
Q

What is newtons first law of motion

A

The law of inertia

46
Q

What is resistance to having its state of motion changed by application of a force

A

Inertia

47
Q

A system in equilibrium is either at rest or what

A

Moving with constant velocity

48
Q

What is the law of inertia

A

An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

49
Q

What is newtons second law of motion

A

Law of force and acceleration

50
Q

What is the law of force and acceleration

A

The acceleration of an object depends directly upon the object and inversely upon the mass of the object

51
Q

What is newtons 3rd law of motion

A

Law of action and reaction

52
Q

What is the law of action and reaction

A

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

53
Q

Forces always come how within newtons 3rd law

A

Always in pairs - equal and opposite action-reaction force pairs

54
Q

How does newtons second law relate to the third law

A

Although every action force is met with an equal and opposite reaction force, every action does not produce an equal and opposite reaction

55
Q

What is the intesity of force perpendicular to the surface on which it acts

A

Normal stress

56
Q

What is the intensity of force parallel to the surface on which it reacts

A

Shear stress

57
Q

What is static friction

A

When 2 contacting surfaces are not sliding relative to eachother but posses the potential for movement

58
Q

What is the ratio required to initiate a sliding motion between two bodies

A

Coefficient of friction

GM Biomechanics (5 decks)

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