Quiz 1 Flashcards
Lesion
a general term to denote a pathologic or traumatic change in tissue.
- not descriptive
Macule
focal area of color change not elevated or depressed in relation to its surroundings; flat
papule
solid, raised lesion less than 5mm in diameter
Nodule
solid, raised lesion greater than 5mm
erythema
red in color; a common but non-specific sign of irritation, injury or inflammation caused by dilatation of superficial blood vessels
erythematous
relating to or marked by erythema
sessile
base is the widest part of an elevated lesion
pedunculated
base of an elevated lesion is narrower than the widest part
papillary
exhibiting numerous surface projections
verrucous
exhibiting a rough, warty surface
erosive
superficial, partial, or total loss of surface epithelium; may arise secondarily from rupture of bulla (blister)
ulcerated
loss of surface epithelium down to the connective tissue, often appears depressed
fissure
narrow, slit-like ulceration or groove
plaque
slightly elevated and generally flat; (homonym of “plaque” which is the soft white bacterial deposit that accumulates on teeth)
petechia(e)
flat, round, pinpoint area(s) of hemorrhage, usually 3mm or less
purpura
hemorrhage into the skin, larger than petechia, but less than 1cm
ecchymosis
flat area of hemorrhage larger than 1cm; bruise
vesicle
fluid-filled, elevated, superficial, 5mm or less in diameter
bulla
fluid filled, elevated, superficial, greater than 5mm in diameter.
pustule
superficial, circumscribed cavity filled with pus (purulent exudate)
indurated
hardened
fluctuant
wavelike on palpation due to liquid content
copious
present in large quantity
dermatoglyphics
lines forming a skin pattern
crenated
scalloped
varicose
abnormally swollen, distended or dilated
scale
flakes of retained surface keratin
crust
dried blood, serum, or purulent exudate (pus) on the skin surface
size
use a periodontal probe or millimeter/centimeter ruler
site
tongue, labial and/or buccal mucosa, hard and/or soft palate, be specific; can include right, left, anterior, posterior, superior, inferior, adjacent to…, midline, between, etc.
Example: …right buccal mucosa at the line of occlusion near the commissure…
shape
round, oval, irregular, linear, triangular, lacy, crenated, etc.
surface
raised, flat, fissured, smooth, ragged, cobblestone, plaque, petechiae, purpura,, ecchymosis, elevated, depressed,
ulcerated, crust, erosive, papillary, verrucous, pustule, vesicle, bulla, etc.
symmetry
can pertain to symmetry of the lesion itself or whether the findings are, or are not bilaterally symmetrical Examples: …bilaterally symmetrical on the posterior buccal mucosa…, … an asymmetrical dark brown plaque…
color
look at the lesion and decide what color it is. It may be tissue-colored. Sometimes 2 or even 3 colors can be combined. Examples: …a blue-black macule…, …coral-pink…, white, erythematous (which implies not only red, but that it has this appearance due to injury, inflammation or irritation) refer to the power point presentation on Descriptive Terminology.
borders/margins
well-defined, blended, discrete, crisply defined, irregular, scalloped, etc.
mode of attachment
sessile, pedunculated, broad based, narrow based, etc.
consistency
firm, fluctuant, soft, indurated, hard, bony hard, rubbery, thick, viscous, watery, thin, etc.
number
1, 2, 3, etc. or solitary, multiple, scattered
DISTRIBUTION (if applicable; indicate in which site or location):
solitary, widespread
Types of Descriptive Terminology for Radiographs
size, position, shape, border, density and internal structure, effect(s)on adjacent structures
size (radiographic)
size on radiographs can be measured in mm or cm, but may best be described by the anatomic position of the boundaries, e.g., “extends from the alveolar crest to the superior border of the inferior alveolar and from the mesial root of #31 to the entire distal of #32”
position (radiographic)
localized, generalized, unilateral, bilateral, mandible, maxilla, relation to the crown and/or root. Also note the position of the epicenter if applicable, i.e., the center of the lesion
shape (radiographic)
oval, round, scalloped, scooped, triangular, tear-drop, expansile
border (radiographic)
well-demarcated, corticated, well-defined, ill-defined, blended, radiopaque, radiolucent, thick, thin, radiolucent rim
density and internal structure (radiographic)
completely radiolucent, completely radiopaque, mixed radiolucent-radiopaque, septae, unilocular, mulitlocular
effect(s) on adjacent structures (radiographic)
expansion, resorption, displacement
