Quiz 1 Flashcards
Data
Uninterpreted elements (name, weight, age)
Information
Collection of data that had been processed to produce meaning
Information attributes: quantifiable, verifiable, accessible, free from bias, comprehensive, clear, timely
Knowledge
Relationships bw data and information made, created when data and information identified
Wisdom
Using knowledge to solve human problems
Health informatics
Interdisciplinary profession, tied to using IT in healthcare, focused on assisting providers w tasks related to collecting data, processing information, and applying that info to processing
Examples of hetj informatics benefits; shared knowledge, patient participation, improved outcomes, cost savings,
Triple aim
Improving care
Improving healthcare of population
Reducing cost of healthcare
Nursing Informatics
Specialty integrating nursing science, computer science, & info science to manage & communicate data, information, & knowledge in nursing practice
Facilitates integration of data, information & knowledge to support patients, nurses & other providers in decision making roles & settings
This support is accomplished through use of info structures and information technology
Goal of nursing informatics - to improve the health of populations, communities, families and individuals by optimizing info management and communications. Use of technology in direct care, establishing effective administrative systems managing & delivering educational experiences & supporting research and life long learning
Nursing informatics
Helps integrate data, information & knowledge to support patient, nurses & providers.
Goal: to improve health of populations, communities, families by optimizing information management & communications. Use technology in direct care, establish administrative systems to manage & deliver educational experiences & support research and life long learning.
HIE health information exchange
Allows providers and patients to access and share patient medical info electronically
Benefits of HIE: avoid read mission, medication errors, improve diagnosis, decrease duplicate testing
Ex. Crisp - Chesapeake regional info systems for our patients
MPI master person index
Repository to uniquely identify each person, usually includes demographics data to search for & identify patients
Ex. In hospital we use MRN
Informatics competencies
Computer skills
Informatics knowledge
Informatics skills
Analytics
Managing & processing data
Interoperability
Ability of systems to exchange data and operate in coordinated manner
Hardware
Physical components on computer system
Software
Programs & operating information used by computer
Information needs & tools of nursing informatics
Sound clinical decision making
Evidence based practice
Standardized vocabularies
Clinical information systems
5 core competencies of nursing informatics
Delivering pt centered care Working as part of interdisciplinary team Practice evidence based medicine Focusing on quality improvement Using info technology
Examples of health informatics benefits
Shared knowledge Patient participation Personalized care Increased coordination Improved outcomes Savings
Information attributes
Quantifiable Verifiable Accessible Free from bias Clear Timely Precise Accurate
ANA scope & standards model
Transformation of data to knowledge graph
Complexity on y axis, human intellect on x axis
Data turns into info turns into knowledge
Nelson data to wisdom continuum
Data, info, knowledge, wisdom
Increasing interaction and relationships on y axis
Federal health IT principles
Focus on value
Respect individual preferences
Build culture of electronic health info access & use
Create environ of continuous learning and improvement
Encourage innovation & competition
Be worthy steward of country’s money and trust
Federal Health IT Goals
1-expand adoption of health IT
2-advance secure & interoperable health info
3-strengthen health care delivery
4-advance health & well being of individuals & communities
5- advance research, scientific knowledge & innovation
American Recovery & Reinvestment Act
1st Part: Healthcare delivery systems
1. Patient centered medical home - primary care
Core features: personal physician, physician directed medical practice, whole person oriented, quality/safety, enhanced access, payment reform, care is integrated
2. Accountable care organization - integrated care system
Give high quality coordinated care, avoid relative treatments and drugs, outcome focused payment model
2nd Part- IT tools for Regorm Payment for quality
Data: capture, sharing, analytics
3 domains of quality
Population, hospital, clinicians
Major IT Challanges
Interoperability Usability (clinicians turned into data entry clerks)
Staggers & Nelson Life Cycle Model
Plan, develop, purchase, test, implant, maintain/evolve, analyze then back to plan or develop. It’s a cycle model.
Meaningful Use (criteria in HITECT Act)
use technology to improve quality, safety and efficiency in patient care & reduce health disparities
3 stages
1- adoption of EHRs & exchange of pt info
2- care coordination & exchange of pt info
3- expand first 2 stages & improve health outcomes, population health
Databases
Collection of info organized to provide efficient retrieval
Types: Relational Distributed Cloud Online Big data Document oriented
Most databases in EHR’s are relational
Clinical data repository
Storage for patient data
Key aspects: accessible, reliable, secure
Characteristics: central vs distributed storage model
Central storage - single repository
Distributed storage - each data collection application stores own info then data can be shared in real time
Encounter based vs longitudinal record
Encounter based- data collected according to encounter & archived after discharge
Longitudinal based - ‘cradle to grave’ stores all encounters
Hit health info technology
Federal efforts launched in 2009 w 4 national priorities
- Provide info tools
- Connect health info so it follows pt throughout care
- Support consumers w info to help them manage their care
- Advance public health, clinical trials & data activities
Cloud computing
4 types of clouds
Private cloud - single organization w/ multiple consumers
Community cloud - exclusive use by a community from orgs w shared concerns
Public cloud - open use by public
Hybrid cloud - 2 or more cloud infrastructures bound together (private, community, public)
Cloud computing
On demand network access to shared pool of computing resources available w minimal management effort or service provider interaction
