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Psych 101 pt 2 > Quiz #1 > Flashcards

Quiz #1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Intelligence

A
  • acting/thinking in ways that are goal-directed and adaptive
  • capacity to understand hypothetical concepts
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2
Q

Abstract thinking

A

higher mental properties

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3
Q

Boring’s Dictum

A

intelligence is what tests measure

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4
Q

Theories of Intelligence

A

Galton’s sensory ability
Binet & Simon (1905)
Stanford Binet IQ
Wechsler Intelligence Test

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5
Q

Galton’s Sensory Ability

A

1884 - “good genes”
Better senses = better intelligence

Problem: no correlation between physical attributes & intelligence

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6
Q

Binet & Simon (1905)

A

1st IQ test
Test to identify children who could fall behind - intelligence testing used as diagnostic tool
mental age vs. chronological age

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7
Q

Stanford Binet IQ

A

Mental chronological x 100

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8
Q

Wechsler Intelligence Test

A

Current tasks too much on verbal abilities = new test with performance tasks
3 IQ’s: verbal, performance, overall

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9
Q

Spearman’s “g” and “s”

A

Positive correlations in Binet & Simon’s tests = “shared factor” or general intelligence

“g”: strength of mental engines = intelligence more uniform
“s”: specific abilities or skills = some people are just smarter

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10
Q

Fluid IQ

A

capacity to learn new ways of solving problems (decline with age) - related to “g”
Ex: texting grandparents

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11
Q

Crystallized IQ

A

accumulated knowledge of world (increase with age)

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12
Q

Thinking

A

any mental activity/processing of info (fundamental aspect of cognition)

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13
Q

Cognitive misers

A

develop mental shortcuts = save time & energy

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14
Q

Intuition

A

red shirt + facial expressions

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15
Q

Dual process theory of social judgement

A

Automatic Process

Controlled Process

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16
Q

Automatic Process

A

unconscious, based on emotion

occurs prior to conscious thoughts

17
Q

Controlled Process

A

systematic & controlled by careful thought

attitudes & beliefs we are aware of = could become implicit/automatic over time

18
Q

Heuristics

A

mental shortcut to provide serviceable answers

19
Q

Representative Heuristic

A

Judging likelihood of something by considering how it matches with prototypes & categories

Ex: when at a store and see a person who looks like an employee you are pretty confident but not 100% sure

Base rate info: knowledge about relative frequency

20
Q

Availability Heuristic

A

Judgement of frequency/probability of some event by how readily available instances come to mind

21
Q

Hindsight Bias

A

Overestimate how accurately we could have predicted something (after knowing result)

22
Q

Functional Fixity

A

Regard object with limited, fixed function (limited by cognitive bias)

23
Q

Framing

A

Choices we make influenced by way choices are framed

24
Q

Mental Set

A

our way of thinking limits solving capacity

25
Q

Planning fallacy

A

underestimation of time it takes to do something

26
Q

Impact bias

A

difficulty predicting duration & intensity of future emotions

27
Q

Affective forecasting

A

how happy would be after lottery vs. getting a job

28
Q

Psychometric approach

A

define intelligence by measurement
postive correlation between tests
Not totally resolved

29
Q

Cognitive intelligence

A

based on cognitive skills & abilities = info processing

30
Q

Garner’s Frames of Mind

A

g is one form of intelligence, various ways to perceive world, people intelligent about different things

Difficult to test & falsify

31
Q

Sternberg’s Triarchic Model of Intelligence

A

3 independent IQ’s:
Analytic: solve problems
Practical: everyday stuff
Creative: extra thought & insight

not a lot of evidence for independence of multiple intelligence form g

32
Q

Genetic Influencer

A

some heritability of intelligence

33
Q

Eugenics Movement

A

effort to improve “genetic slack” - good genes to reproduce

34
Q

Language

A

transmits info and enables expression

once learned = automatic

35
Q

Parts of Language

A

Phenomes - soudns
Morphemes - small speech units
Syntax - language rules
Extralinguistic Info - nonverbal behaviors

36
Q

Mark Pagel

A

evolution biologist

37
Q

Flynn Effect

A

increase in IQ over recent decades

Psych 101 pt 2 (1 decks)

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