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Advance foot care > Quiz #1 > Flashcards

Quiz #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the foot?

A

To provide stability
locomotion and balance
Shock absorption

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2
Q

Why does the heel protrude slightly posteriorly ?

A

to prevent the body’s frame from tipping backwards

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the toes?

A

Prevent tipping forward

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4
Q

What is the purpose of the arche?

A

Shock absorption, arches prevent the ground reaction force from being transmitted up through the ankles, knees, hips and lower back

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5
Q

What provides locomotion and balance?

A

Metatarsophalangeal joints to propel the body forward

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6
Q

T or F

Is the foot a major sensory organ?

A

T- due to the abundant nerve supply.

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7
Q

What does proximal mean?

A

closest point of origin

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8
Q

What does distal mean?

A

farthest point of origin

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9
Q

T or F

The medial malleolous is the inside of the ankle?

A

True

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10
Q

T or F

The plantar view is the bottom of the foot?

A

True

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11
Q

T or F

The hallux is the big toe

A

True

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12
Q

T or False

The dorsal view is the top of the foot

A

True

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13
Q

T or F

The lateral malleolus is the back of the foot

A

False

Lateral malleolous is the outer ankle

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14
Q

What does Apex stand for?

A

Tip of toe

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15
Q

Define Gait

A

Manner of movement on foot

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16
Q

T or F

A normal gait has a definite rhythm, stride and spring

A

True

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17
Q

T or F

Your gait can not be inherited

A

True

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18
Q

T or F

Phycological factors can be transmitted to our gait, give an example

A

True

depression effects posture, effecting our gait

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19
Q

List the steps of a normal gait

A 
Heel is first contact 
outside border of the foot 
across the ball of the foot 
to the great toes 
"Lift off" then done by the great toe.
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20
Q

How many bones does the foot have?

A

26 bones

2 sesamoids

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21
Q

List the three sections of bones

A

Tarsal Bones
Metatarsal bones
Phalanx

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22
Q

T or F

Tarsal bones consist of: talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid and phalanx

A

False

talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid and cuneiforms

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23
Q

T or F

There are 3 metatarsal bones

A

F

there are 5 one for each digit

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24
Q

How many phalanx bones are there:

a) 2 for the first digit, 5 for the 2,3,4 and 5 digit
b) 1 for the first digit, 3 for the 2,3,4, and 5 digit
c) 3 for the first digit, 4 for the 2,3,4 and 5 digit
d) 2 for the first digit, 3 for the 2,3,4, and 5 digit

A

D

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25
Q

How is the body weight supported?

a) 1 and 2 metatarsal 25%, remaining metatarsals 35% calcaneus 40%
b) 1 metatarsal 25%, remaining metatarsals 50% calcaneus 25%
c) 1 and 2 metatarsals 25%, remaining metatarsals 25% and calcaneus 50%
d) 1 and 2 metatarsals 15%, remaining metatarsals 20% and calcaneus 65%

A

C

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26
Q

T or F

Do toes contribute to balance

A

True

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27
Q

What are sesamoid bones?

A

cartilaginous massess embedded in tendons

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28
Q

Function of Sesamoid bones?

A

modify pressure and to diminish friction

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29
Q

What is the Talus bone?

A

is the ankle bone, part of tarsal bones forms the lower part of the ankle joint,

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30
Q

What is the Calcaneus?

A

The heel bone

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31
Q

What is the navieular?

A

resembles a boat, found on the medial side of the foot and proximally to the talus distally to the cuneiform bones

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32
Q

What is the Cuboid

A

one of the seven tarsal bones. Surfaces are rough for attachments of ligaments

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33
Q

What are Cuneiforms?

A

3 of the seven tarsal bones located between the navicular bone

34
Q

What are the metatarsals?

A

Located between the tarsal bones and phlanges, not individually named numbered from medial side

35
Q

What are Phalanx?

A

Plural form Phalanges toes make up the toes.

36
Q

What kind of joint is in the foot?

A

Synovial joint

37
Q

What kind of movement does the foot joint provide?

A

Hinged or gliding action

38
Q

What is a synovial joint made up of:

a) bones, muscles and cartilage
b) bones, cartilage, liagaments, synovial fluid
c) bones, muscles, ligaments, cartilage, synovial fluid
d) bones, synovial fluids, ligaments, cartilage

A

C

39
Q

What is the function of a bone?

A

Site of attachment for skeletal muscles.

40
Q

What is the function of a muscle?

A

apply to force to produce a given movement,

41
Q

What is the function of a ligament?

A

holds bones together and stabalizes the articulation

42
Q

What is the function of cartilage?

A

provides a smooth surface to reduce friction

43
Q

What is synovial fluid?

A

viscous fluid that lubricates the joints,

44
Q

What is synovial membrane?

A

secretes synovial fluid into the synovial space. Membrane begins where the cartilage ends

45
Q

What is the synovial space?

A

the space within the capsule that allows movement.

46
Q

What are the four major joints:

a) tibitalar, interphalangeal, talonavicular, subtalar
b) Tibiotalar, subtalar and midtarsal, metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal
c) Calcaneocuboid, tibiotalar, talonavicular, interphalangeal
d) Tibiotalar, Metatarsocuniform, calcaneocuboid, subtalar

A

B

47
Q

What movements does the Tibitalar joint have?

A

Dorsiflexion and planter flextion

48
Q

T or F

Dosiflexion takes place at the ankle and allows the upper surface of the foot to move towards the leg

A

True

49
Q

T or F

Plantar flexion allows the foot to point downward

A

True

50
Q

What movement do the subtalar joint and midtarsal joint allow?

A

inversion and eversion

51
Q

T or F

Inversion is turning the sole of the foot away from the midline of the body

A

False- inversion is turning the sole of the foot inward to the midline of the body

52
Q

T or F

Eversion is turning the sole of the foot away from the midline of the body.

A

True

53
Q

What movements does the Metatarsophalangeal joint allow?

A

Flexion
extension
adduction
abduction

54
Q

T or F

Flexion increases the angle between the bones

A

False decrease the angles between bones.

55
Q

T or F

Extension increases the angle between bones

A

true

56
Q

T or F

Adduction moves the foot towards the midline.

A

True

57
Q

T or F

Abduction moves the foot away from the midline

A

True

58
Q

T or F

The interphalangeal joint allows for flexion and extension

A

True

59
Q

What does the Talonavicular joint do?

A

the talus articulates with the navicular

60
Q

What does the calcaneocuboid joint do?

A

calcaneous articulates wiht the cuboid

61
Q

what does the Metatarsocuniform joint do?

A

metatarsals connect wiht the cuneiforms

62
Q

List the function of the arches:

A

supports body weight
provides leverage when walking
provides flexibility to the foot
aides in shock absorption

63
Q

List the 4 main arches:

A

Medial longitudinal
Lateral longitudinal
Transverse
Metatarsal

64
Q

List the components of the Medical longitudinal arche

A 
Calcaneous
Talus
Navicular 
Cuniforms 
first three metatarsals
65
Q

List the components of the Lateral longitudinal arche

A

Calcaneous
cuboid
fourth and fifth metatarsals

66
Q

List the components of the transverse arche

A

navicular
cuneiforms
cuboid
metatarsal bones

67
Q

List the components of the metatarsal arche

A

the 5 metatarsal heads.

68
Q

How many ligaments are in the foot

A

over 100

69
Q

What are ligaments?

A

tough bands of white fibrous connective tissue

70
Q

What do ligaments do?

A 
hold tendons in place 
stabilizes joints 
bind structures together 
facilitate or limit motion
give strength and support to the bony structure
71
Q

What do the medial and lateral ligaments provide?

A

stability and enable the foot to move up and down

72
Q

What are the 3 main groups of ligaments?

a) Spring ligament, long ligament, short ligament
b) Medial ligament, Lateral ligament, Spring ligament
c) Spring ligament, Long plantar ligament, Short plantar ligament
d) Short ligament, lateral ligament, long ligament

A

C

73
Q

The purpose of a spring ligament?

A

Support the talus

74
Q

What is a spring ligament?

A

Strong band between the navicular and the calcaneous

75
Q

What happens if the spring ligament is dysfunctional?

A

flat footed (pes planus)

76
Q

What is the long plantar ligament?

A

Connects plantar surface of cuboid with plantar surface of calcaneous and goes on to fasten to the bases of the metatarsals

77
Q

How does the long plantar ligament function?

A

Maintains the integrity of the arches

78
Q

Where is the long plantar ligament located?

A

between the calcaneous and the metatarsals

79
Q

Where is the short plantar ligament located?

A

deep in the foot

80
Q

What does the short plantar ligament do?

A

Secrures the calcaneous and the cuboid

81
Q

How does the short plantar ligament function?

A

limits movement between the calcaneous and cuboid to a gliding motion

Advance foot care (1 decks)

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