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Grade 11 Bio > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What domain is eubacteria and archaea placed under

A

Prokaryotes

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2
Q

A small circular price of DNA found in bacteria and containing only a small number of genes

A

Plasmid

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3
Q

Members of archaea kingdom thrive in very cold waters the Arctic and Antarctic

A

Psychophiles

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4
Q

Highly resistant bacterial structure that can survive dormant for many years in unfavourable surroundings until conditions improve

A

Endospore

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5
Q

Structures that certain species of bacteria use to move about

A

Flagellum

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6
Q

A protein made by white blood cells to inactivate and find invaders

A

Antibody

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7
Q

As other name for a protein that sour rounds a virus

A

Capsid

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8
Q

Reproductive cycle of viruses in which the viral DNA remains dormant as part of the host DNA for a while before it activates

A

Lysogenic

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9
Q

Infectious protein particles that causes disease in brain and nervous tissue. These misfolded proteins causes normal proteins to misfold.

A

Prion

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10
Q

Main method by which bacteria reproduce

A

Binary fission

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11
Q

Process by which a bacterium sends a piece of DNA to another bacterium via a sex pilus (bridge). Recipient cell can show new characteristic - resistance to antibiotics

A

Conjugation

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12
Q

Anchor bacteria to surface. Launched in genetic transfer between bacterial cells. Rod like

A

Pili

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13
Q

New strand of DNA transferred from dead bacteria to living. No physical contact. New bacteria can perform new things - become pathegenic (disease causing)

A

Transformation

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14
Q

Virus(phage) used to transfer one bacterium to another. Phage causes host cell to mass produce DNA which are packaged into viral capsids. During, some of bacterial DNA (sliced when virus invaded) now can invade new bacterium passing along genes

A

Transduction

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15
Q

Reasons for success

A

Prokaryotes: no true nucleus or membrane organelles
Most varied and adaptable
Occupy every ecological niche
Endosphore

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16
Q

Round

A

Coccus, diplococcus, streptococcus, staphylococcus

17
Q

Rod

A

Bacillus, diplobacillus, streptobacillus

18
Q

Harmful bacteria

A

Pneumonia
Blood poisoning
Food spoilage
Too the decay

19
Q

Helpful bacteria

A

Making cheese yogurt wine
Help herbivore digest cellulose
Remove pollutants from soil air water, sewage treatment

20
Q

Virus: What kingdom and are they living

A

No, no cuz no reproduce no cells no grow

21
Q

Bacteriophage

A

A virus that infects bacteria

22
Q

Virus

A

Obligate intracellular parasites-need host cell to reproduce
Only infect within host range
Host cell replicates unable to do job therefore sick

23
Q

Lytic cycle

A

Host cell completely destroyed - lysis

Reproduction can occur rapidly

24
Q

Lysogenic cycle

A

Host cell not destroyed immediately

Viral DNA remains dormant inside host cell for a good time

25
Q

Viroids

A

Very small infectious piece of RNA responsible for diseases in plants

26
Q

Prion

A

Weird shaped infectious protein responsible for brain diseases of mammals

27
Q

External defences

A

Skin- sweat kills
Upper respiratory tract- ,mucus kills cilia trap
Stomach - acid
Eyes- tears

28
Q

Internal defences

A

Macrophages- wbc that seek and destroy

Body produces antibodys specifically for invaders - antigens renders bacteria inactive

29
Q

Active immunity

A

Body makes own antibodies

30
Q

Passive immunity

A

Already made antibody passed in to blood stream

31
Q

Difference btw antibiotics antiseptics and disinfectants

A

Anti- medicine taken internally produced by bacteria or fungi
Antiseptic- weaker chemicals than disinfectants used on human skin
Disinfectants- strong chemicals to sterilize surfaces of tools clothes…

Grade 11 Bio (1 decks)

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