Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Muscle and Gait > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Primary Mover?

Whats the aka and function?

A

Agonist/Initiator

Starts the movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Secondary Mover

AKA and function?

A

Synergist/Facilitator

Helps primary mover with action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tertiary Mover

AKA and Action

A

Antagonist/Inhibitor

Stops the motion of the primary and the secondary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Primary is the biceps

What is secondary and tertiary?

A

Initiator= Biceps(flex)
Facilitator= Brachioradialis (flex)
Inhibitor-triceps (ext)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Primary is Gluteus Medius.

What is secondary and tertiary?

A

Initiator=Gluteus Medius(abduct)
Facilitator=TFL (abduct)
Inhibitor= Adductor Magnus (add)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Primary is the Gastrocnemius.

What is secondary and tertiary?

A

Initator=Gastrocnemius( pflex)
Facilitator=Soleus(pflex)
Inhibitor= tibialis anterior(dors flex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Primary is the pec major superior.

What is secondary and tertiary?

A

Initiator=pec major sup (horizontal flex)
Facilitator= anterior deltoid (horizontal flex)
Inhibitor=posterior deltoid( horizontal ext)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Primary mover is the supraspinatus.

What is secondary and tertiary?

A

Initiator=supraspinatus(shoulder abd)
Facilitator=midd delt(shoulder abd)
Inhibitor=lat dorsi(shoulder add)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

SITS

A

Supraspinatus-abduction
Infraspinatus-ext rot
teres minor-ext rot
Subscapularis-internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Muscle testing
CP
SCP

A

CP= Dr-the point of resistance

SCP-Patient, lever arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Muscle testing procedure

A 
1/2 way through range of motion and hold for 3 seconds in a locked position.
contact distal to insertion.
WNL-grade 5
Do bilaterally.
technique and consistency is important.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name two cautions to muscle testing

A

Osteoporosis

METS/Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

contraindications

A
  1. fracture
  2. dislocation
  3. severe joint instability
  4. less than 5 yoa
  5. Resisting over wound or suture.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Center of gravity

A

Slightly ant to the 1st or 2nd sacral tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sagittal/median plane

A

L/R

flexion and extension planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

coronal/frontal

A

A/P

Lateral Flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Horizontal/transverse

A

Cephal/Caudal

Rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cardinal

A

3 planes must intersect at the 1st and 2nd sacral tubercles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sagittal/median Plane is what axis?

A

Bilateral/coronal axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Coronal/frontal Plane is what axis?

A

A-P/Sagittal axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Transverse/horizontal plane is what axis?

A

VLP

Vertical, Longitudional, Polar axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pure Motion

A

1 plane 1 axis at a time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Circumduction

A

conical-not a pure motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Oblique motions

A

coupled motions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Name the joints in 1 plane/1 axis

A

knee, elbow, pips,dips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

SHoulder-motion/axis/plane

A

flexion/extension, sagittal/median plane, bi lateral/coronal axis.
abduction/adduction, coronal/frontal plane, A/P / sagittal axis.
Internal/external rotation, transverse plane, VLP axis
6 motions, 3 planes, 3 axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Elbow/knee-motion/axis/plane

A

flexion/extension, sagittal/median plane, bilateral/coronal axis

2motions,1 plane, 1 axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Wrist motion/axis/plane

A

flexion/extension, sagittal plane, bilateral/coronal axis
ulnar/radial deviation, coronal plane, sagittal/ap axis

4motions/2planes/2 axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Forearm

A

pronation/supination, transverse plane, VLP axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

ankle motion/axis/plane

A

P flex/D flexion, sagittal plane, bilateral/coronal axis
Inversion/Eversion, coronal plane, a-p/ sagittal axis

4 motions, 2 planes, 2 axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

C4 disc level

A

C5 nerve root, deltoids, biceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

c5 disc level

A

c6 nerve root, wrist extensors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

c6 disc level

A

c7 nerve root, triceps, wrist flexors, finger extension

34
Q

c7 disc level

A

c8 nerve root, finger flexors

35
Q

T1 disc level

A

t1 nerve root, finger abd, add

36
Q

L3 disc level

A

L4 nerve root, tibalis anterior

37
Q

L4 disc level

A

L5 nerve root, extensor hallucis longus, gluteus medius

38
Q

L5 disc level

A

s1 nerve root, gluteus maximus, peroneus longus/brevis

39
Q

Grade 5

A

Normal.
There is sufficient muscle contraction to move the joint through a full range of motion against gravity and against full resistance.

40
Q

Grade 4

A

Good.
There is sufficient muscle contraction to move the joint through a full range of motion against gravity, and against slight resistance.

41
Q

Grade 3

A

Fair.
There is sufficient muscle contraction to move the joint through a full range of motion against gravity but with no resistance.

42
Q

Grade 2

A

Poor.

There is sufficient muscle contraction to move the joint through a full range of motion but not against gravity.

43
Q

Grade 1

A

Trace.

There is slight muscle contraction but no joint movement

44
Q

Grade 0

A

Total paralysis.

There is no detectable muscle contraction or joint movement.

45
Q

0-2

A

muscle weakness due to neurogenic cause

46
Q

3-4

A

muscle weakness due to postural imbalance, structural misalignment.

47
Q

5

A

normal

48
Q

Psoas maj insertion and orgin

A

origin-bodies, Tp’s and discs or lumbar vertebras

insertion- lesser trochanter

49
Q

psoas major action

A

thigh flexion

50
Q

psoas major innervation

A

Lumbar plexus

51
Q

Piriformis orgin

A

pelvic surface of sacrum

52
Q

Piriformis insertion

A

greater trochanter

53
Q

Piriformis action

A

rotates thigh laterally

54
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

sacral plexus

55
Q

Goniometry Flexion Glenohumeral Joint

A 
POSITION- supine, arm by side on table
	AXIS- head of humerus in glenoid fossa
	PROXIMAL ARM- mid-axillary line to hip
	DISTAL ARM- mid-line of humerus, lateral epicondyle as a reference
	NORMAL R.O.M. - 180º
56
Q

Goniometry Extension Glenohumeral joint

A

EXTENSION- Sagittal plane around coronal axis
POSITION- prone, arm on table, palm up, and elbow flexed (flexion removes antagonistic biceps which limit test)
AXIS- head of humerus in glenoid fossa
PROXIMAL ARM- mid-axillary line to hip
DISTAL ARM- mid-line of humerus, lateral epicondyle as a reference
NORMAL R.O.M. - 60º

57
Q

Goniometry of shoulder abduction

A

ABDUCTION- Frontal plane around A-P axis
POSITION- supine, forearm supinated, Palm toward ceiling
AXIS- acromion process A to P
PROXIMAL ARM- parallel to sternum, lateral thorax area
DISTAL ARM- midline of the humerus, medial epicondyle as a reference
NORMAL R.O.M. - 180º

58
Q

Goniometry of shoulder adduction

A

ADDUCTION- Frontal plane around A-P axis - USE OUTER RED SCALE
POSITION- supine, shoulder flexed to 90º, palm to opposite arm
AXIS- acromion process S to I
PROXIMAL ARM- parallel to table pointing away from head, acromion as reference S to I
DISTAL ARM- anterior mid-humeral line
NORMAL R.O.M. - 50º

59
Q

Goniometry of shoulder external rotation

A

EXTERNAL ROTATION- Transverse plane around the longitudinal axis
POSITION- supine, shoulder abducted 90º, elbow flexed 90º, palm toward feet
AXIS- Olecranon process
PROXIMAL ARM- Perpendicular to the table toward floor
DISTAL ARM- midline of forearm to ulnar styloid
NORMAL R.O.M. - 90º

60
Q

Goniometry of shoulderinternal rotation

A

INTERNAL ROTATION- Transverse plane around longitudinal axis
POSITION- supine, shoulders abducted 90º, elbow flexed 90º, palm toward feet
AXIS- olecranon process
PROXIMAL ARM- perpendicular to the table toward floor
DISTAL ARM- midline of forearm to ulnar styloid
NORMAL R.O.M. - 70º

61
Q

Goniometry of elbow flexion

A

FLEXION- Sagittal plane around the coronal axis
POSITION- supine, forearm supinated.
AXIS- lateral epicondyle
PROXIMAL ARM- mid-line lateral humerus, humeral head as reference
DISTAL ARM- mid-line lateral forearm, radial styloid as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. - 150º

62
Q

Goniometry of elbow extension

A

EXTENSION- Sagittal plane around coronal axis
POSITION- supine, forearm supinated (raise humerus off table to visualize)
AXIS- lateral epicondyle
PROXIMAL ARM- mid-line lateral humerus, humeral head as reference
DISTAL ARM- mid-line lateral forearm, radial styloid as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. - 0º

63
Q

Goniometry of forearm pronation

A

PRONATION- Transverse plane around longitudinal axis
POSITION- supine, elbow flexed 90º, fingers in a fist toward the mid-line of the body
AXIS- longitudinal axis of forearm through the third MCP joint
PROXIMAL ARM- parallel to a line through second and third MCP joints toward the head
DISTAL ARM- mid-line of third finger to P.I.P. joint
NORMAL R.O.M. - 80º

64
Q

Goniometry of forearm supination

A

SUPINATION- Transverse plane around longitudinal axis
POSITION- supine, elbow flexed 90º, fingers in a fist toward the mid-line of the body
AXIS- longitudinal axis of forearm through third MCP joint
PROXIMAL ARM- parallel to a line through second to fifth MCP joints toward feet.
DISTAL ARM- mid-line of the third finger to P.I.P. joint
NORMAL R.O.M. - 80º

65
Q

Goniometry of wrist flexion

A

FLEXION- Sagittal plane around coronal axis
POSITION- supine with shoulder abducted 90º and elbow flexed 90º, palm toward feet
AXIS- medial wrist through pisiform
PROXIMAL ARM- medial mid-line of forearm, olecranon process as reference
DISTAL ARM- medial hand, fifth MCP joint as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. - 80º

66
Q

Goniometry of wrist extension

A

EXTENSION – Sagittal plane around coronal axis
POSITION- supine, shoulder abducted 90º and elbow flexed 90º, palm towards feet
AXIS- medial wrist through pisiform
PROXIMAL ARM- medial mid-line of forearm using olecranon process as reference
DISTAL ARM- medial hand, fifth MCP joint as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. - 70º

67
Q

Goniometry of radial deviation

A

RADIAL DEVIATION – Frontal plane around A-P axis
POSITION- supine, elbow flexed to 90º, palm to mid-line of body
AXIS- mid-line of wrist near capitate
PROXIMAL ARM- mid-line of posterior forearm
DISTAL ARM- mid-line of dorsum hand, third MCP joint as reference
NORMAL R.O.M.-20º

68
Q

Goniometry of ulnar deviation

A

ULNAR DEVIATION – Frontal plane around the A-P axis
POSITION- supine, elbow flexed 90º, palm to mid-line of body
AXIS- mid-line of wrist near capitate
PROXIMAL ARM- mid-line of posterior forearm
DISTAL ARM- mid-line dorsum hand, third MCP joint as reference
NORMAL R.O.M.- 30º

69
Q

Goniometry of forearm radioulnar joint

A

FOREARM: RADIOULNAR JOINT
PRONATION- Transverse plane around longitudinal axis
POSITION- supine, elbow flexed 90º, fingers in a fist toward the mid-line of the body
AXIS- longitudinal axis of forearm through the third MCP joint
PROXIMAL ARM- parallel to a line through second and third MCP joints toward the head
DISTAL ARM- mid-line of third finger to P.I.P. joint
NORMAL R.O.M. - 80º

70
Q

Goniometry of hip joint flexion

A

FLEXION – Sagittal plane around a coronal axis
POSITION – supine, knee starts in extension but is flexed as hip flexes
AXIS – lateral hip joint, greater trochanter as reference
PROXIMAL ARM – parallel to lateral mid-line of body toward axilla
DISTAL ARM – parallel to lateral mid-line of femur, lateral condyle as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. – 120º

71
Q

Goniometry of hip joint extension

A

EXTENSION – Sagittal plane around a coronal axis
POSITION – prone, knee extended
AXIS – lateral hip joint, greater trochanter as reference
PROXIMAL ARM – parallel to lateral mid-line of body toward axilla
DISTAL ARM – parallel to lateral mid-line of femur, lateral condyle as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. – 30º

72
Q

Goniometry of hip abduction

A

ABDUCTION – Frontal plane around A-P axis – USE OUTER RED SCALE
POSITION - supine
AXIS – over ASIS on side being tested
PROXIMAL ARM – aligned from ASIS to ASIS (patient holds instrument)
DISTAL ARM – anterior mid-line of femur, patella as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. – 45º

73
Q

Goniometry of hip adduction

A

ADDUCTION – Frontal plane around A-P axis – USE OUTER RED SCALE
POSITION – supine, opposite leg over side of table
AXIS – over ASIS on side being tested
PROXIMAL ARM – aligned from ASIS to ASIS (patient holds instrument)
DISTAL ARM – anterior mid-line of femur, patella as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. - 30º

74
Q

Goniometry of hip external rotation

A

EXTERNAL ROTATION – Transverse plane around longitudinal axis
POSITION – supine with hip and knee flexed 90º
AXIS- center of anterior patella
PROXIMAL ARM – parallel to side of table and floor toward head of table
DISTAL ARM – mid-line anterior leg, tibial crest as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. – 45º

75
Q

Goniometry of hip internal rotation

A

INTERNAL ROTATION – Transverse plane around longitudinal axis
POSITION – supine with hip and knee flexed 90º
AXIS – center of anterior patella
PROXIMAL ARM – parallel to the side of table and floor toward head of table
DISTAL ARM – mid-line of anterior leg, tibial crest, as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. – 45º

76
Q

Goniometry of knee flexion

A

FLEXION – Sagittal plane around coronal axis
POSITION – prone, knee extended
AXIS – lateral condyle of femur
PROXIMAL ARM – lateral mid-line of femur, greater trochanter as reference
DISTAL ARM – lateral mid-line of leg, lateral malleolus as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. – 135º

77
Q

goniometry of knee extension

A

EXTENSION – Sagittal plane around the coronal axis
POSITION – supine, knee extended
AXIS – lateral condyle of femur
PROXIMAL ARM – lateral mid-line of femur, greater trochanter as reference
DISTAL ARM – lateral mid-line of leg, lateral malleolus as reference
NORMAL R.O.M. – 0º

78
Q

Goniometry of foot plantar flexion

A

PLANTAR FLEXION – Sagittal plane around coronal axis - Use outer red scale
POSITION – prone, knee at 90º, start with foot at 90º (neutral position)
AXIS – lateral malleolus
PROXIMAL ARM – lateral mid-line of the leg, fibular head as reference
DISTAL ARM – parallel to lateral aspect of fifth metatarsal
NORMAL R.O.M. – 50º

79
Q

Goniometry of foot dorsiflexion

A

DORSIFLEXION – Sagittal plane around coronal axis – Use outer red scale
POSITION – prone, knee at 90º, start with foot at 90º (neutral position)
AXIS –lateral malleolus
PROXIMAL ARM – lateral mid-line of leg, fibula head as a reference
DISTAL ARM – parallel to lateral aspect of fifth metatarsal
NORMAL R.O.M. – 20º

80
Q

Goniometry of subtalar inversion

A

INVERSION SUBTALAR – Frontal plane around A-P axis
POSITION – prone, knee extended, feet off table
AXIS – between lateral and medial malleolus at mid-calcaneal bone
PROXIMAL ARM – mid-line of tibia, gastrocnemius
DISTAL ARM – mid-line of calcaneal bone
NORMAL R.O.M. – 5º

81
Q

Goniometry of subtler eversion

A

EVERSION SUBTALAR – Frontal plane around A-P axis
POSITION – prone, knee extended, feet off table
AXIS – between lateral and medial malleolus at mid-calcaneal bone
PROXIMAL ARM – mid-line of tibia, gastrocnemius
DISTAL ARM – mid-line of calcaneal bone
NORMAL R.O.M. – 5º

Muscle and Gait (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions