Quiz 1

Question 0

What is McGregor’s Theory Y?

Answer 0

• work is natural activity, like play or rest
• people capable of self-direction if committed to objectives
• people commit to objectives if rewarded
• seek responsibility
• have imagination, ingenuity, and creativity

Question 1

What is McGregor’s Theory X?

Answer 1

• employees and inherently lazy
• inherently dislike work
• will avoid work if they can
• avoid responsibility
• little ambition
• selfish
• must be threatened with punishment to work
• require close supervision

Question 2

What advantages come from having a diverse workforce?

Answer 2

More perspectives are available to consider

Richer pool of differences to draw on

Question 3

What are the disadvantages that come from having a diverse workforce?

Answer 3

• perspective or minority might be ignored by majority
• minority might feel uncomfortable sharing
• sub-groups might form fault lines
• functional groups speak different “languages”

Question 4

What are the four layers of diversity?

Answer 4

Core
Internal dimensions
External dimensions
Organizational dimensions

Question 5

What are the components of the core dimension?

Answer 5

Openness to experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Emotional stability

Question 6

What are the components of the internal dimension?

Answer 6

Gender
Race
Ethnicity
Age
Sexual orientation

Question 7

What at the components of the external dimension?

Answer 7

Geographic location
Income
Personal habits
Recreational habits
Religion
Work experience
Parental status
Marital status

Question 8

What are the components of the organizational dimension?

Answer 8

Educational background
Functional area
Division/department/group
Personal network
Functional level
Tenure
Union affiliation

Question 9

What are the three components of attitude?

Answer 9

Cognitive
Affective
Behavioral

Question 10

What is the cognitive component of attitude?

Answer 10

The opinion or belief segment

Question 11

What is the affective component of attitude?

Answer 11

Emotional or feeling segment

Question 12

What is the behavioral component of attitude?

Answer 12

Intention to behave in a certain way towards someone or something

Question 13

What is cognitive dissonance?

Answer 13

Feeling of uncomfortableness and tension from holding two conflicting thoughts on the mind at the same time

Question 14

What are the three factors that influence the magnitude of dissonance?

Answer 14

• importance (how significant the issue is)
• dissonance ratio (amount of dissonant cognition a relative to the amount of consonant cognitions)
• rationalization (the more reasons one has to account for the discrepancy, the less dissonance one will feel)

Question 15

You can reduce cognitive dissonance by:

Answer 15

• focusing on more supportive beliefs that outweigh the dissonant belief or behavior
• reducing the importance of the conflicting belief
• changing the conflicting belief so that it is consistent with other beliefs or behaviors

Question 16

What are the dimensions of organizational commitment?

Answer 16

Affective commitment
Continuance commitment
Normative commitment

Question 17

What is affective commitment?

Answer 17

An emotional attachment to the organization and a belief in its values

Question 18

What is continuance commitment?

Answer 18

The perceived economic value of remaining with an organization compared to leaving it

Question 19

What is normative commitment?

Answer 19

An obligation to remain with the company for moral or ethical reasons

Question 20

What are some factors that influence the level of organizational commitment?

Answer 20

Work experience
Pay
Attitudes towards management/organization