quiz 1

Question 1

DO2

what it is and equation

Answer 1

1. oxygen delivery

2. arterial oxygen content * cardiac output

Question 2

VO2

what it is and equation

Answer 2

1. oxygen consumption

2. (arterial oxygen content - venous oxygen content)* cardiac output

Question 3

OER

what it is and equation

Answer 3

1. oxygen extraction ratio

2. oxygen consumption (VO2)/ oxygen delivery (DO2)

Question 4

definition of O2 convection

Answer 4

movement of O2 from alveoli to tissue capillaries

Question 5

definition of O2 diffusion

Answer 5

movement of O2 from capillaries to mitochondria

Question 6

O2 convection is determined by: (3)

Answer 6

1. [Hb]
2. O2 saturation
3. CO

Question 7

O2 diffusion is determined by: (4)

Answer 7

1. metabolic rate
2. vascular resistance
3. capillary recruitment
4. tissue O2 consumption and extraction

Question 8

at rest DO2 is __x times the metabolic demand in a healthy individual

Answer 8

4x

Question 9

VO2 can increase up to __x fold in response to exercise in a healthy individual

Answer 9

20x

Question 10

CO (def and equation)

Answer 10

1. volume of blood being pumped out of L or R ventricle

2. stroke vol * heart rate

Question 11

CO can increase up to __x fold in response to exercise demand in a healthy individual

Answer 11

5x

Question 12

define preload

Answer 12

muscle fiber length of ventricle before systolic ejection

Question 13

define afterload

Answer 13

resistance to the ejection of blood during ventricular systole

Question 14

define O2 debt (2)

Answer 14

1. recovery O2 consumption

2. difference btwn O2 demand and VO2

Question 15

how does O2 demand change from rest to peak activity level?

Answer 15

increases

Question 16

how is O2 demand altered in a patient at rest in health vs. illness

Answer 16

a sick patient has increased O2 demand due to increased work of breathing, work of the heart, pain, increased body temp or healing process

Question 17

what is the difference between VO2 max and VO2 peak?

Answer 17

VO2 peak is the O2 consumption of an individual when performing max effort doing a specific exercise. VO2 max is the theoretical value of all systems working together maximally => more muscles working - VO2 peak gets closer to VO2 max

Question 18

what is a good measure of anaerobic metabolism in a pt with multiorgan failure? why?

Answer 18

Serum lactates because tissue anaerobic metabolism and the development of lactic acidosis are associated with the critical level of VO2

Question 19

why is it important to limit undue metabolic demand in a critically ill pt?

Answer 19

in a critically ill pt O2 is being used for basic metabolic needs and may not be able to be accessed by tissues that need it

Question 20

what are 3 primary components in assessing the acute exercise response?

Answer 20

1. establishing a baseline for pre-existing conditions
2. determining the responses, both objective and (3) subjective during the onset, steady state phase, cool down and recovery