QUIZ 1 & 2

Question 1

is an interdisciplinary
field focused on designing and improving the interaction
between people (users) and computers.

Answer 1

• Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

Question 2

covers a wide array of interactions, including desktop
applications, mobile interfaces, voice-controlled devices,
augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR), and Internet of Things
(IoT) systems.

Answer 2

• HCI

Question 3

Interaction was limited to
text commands (e.g., Unix and DOS), requiring users to
memorize commands

Answer 3

• 1960s: Command-Line Interfaces

Question 4

Companies like Xerox, Apple, and Microsoft
introduced the use of graphical elements
like windows, icons, and menus.
The introduction of the mouse also played
a crucial role in improving interaction.

Answer 4

1980s: Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Revolution:

Question 5

With the rise of personal computing, user-centered design
became critical. Jakob Nielsen’s _____ Heuristics and
Donald Norman’s work on ______ were essential
contributions during this era.

Answer 5

The Importance of Usability (1990s)
10 Usability, affordances

Question 6

The focus has shifted toward __________ (e.g., mobile,
wearable tech, IoT). Interaction now goes beyond screens and
incorporates gesture, voice, and even brain-computer interfaces.

Answer 6

Modern Era (2000s-present)
ubiquitous computing

Question 7

design has grown as an essential field
within HCI, emphasizing the emotional and psychological
experiences of users

Answer 7

• User Experience (UX)

Question 8

A design philosophy where the
needs, preferences, and limitations of users are given primary
attention at every stage of the design process. this includes
research on user behaviors, needs, and contexts to create
effective and enjoyable interfaces.

Answer 8

User-centered design

Question 9

Refers to how easily and efficiently users can complete
tasks on a system.

Answer 9

Usability:

Question 10

Coined by Don Norman, affordances refer to the
properties of objects that suggest how they can be used. For
example, a button “affords” pressing, or a door handle “affords”
pulling.

Answer 10

Affordances:

Question 11

: Immediate response to users’ actions. Feedback can be
visual (e.g., a button changes color when clicked), auditory (e.g., a
sound when an error occurs), or haptic (e.g., a vibration when a
message is received).

Answer 11

Feedback:

Question 12

Users form mental representations of how they
think a system works based on their experiences and knowledge.
Designers aim to align system operations with these mental
models to reduce confusion

Answer 12

• Mental Models:

Question 13

involves creating
simplified versions of a system or interface for testing and
gathering feedback. Iterative design refers to continuously
refining a design based on feedback from each prototype

Answer 13

Prototyping and Iterative Design:

Question 14

Designing systems to be usable by people with
various disabilities. This includes screen readers for the visually
impaired, closed captioning for the hearing impaired, and making
interfaces that can be navigated with alternative input devices.

Answer 14

• Accessibility:

Question 15

HCI principles are
applied in creating intuitive mobile
apps that allow users to navigate with
gestures, tap, or swipe. The use of
touch interfaces and adaptive design
for different screen sizes falls under this
domain

Answer 15

Mobile Interfaces:

Question 16

Devices
like Amazon Echo (Alexa), Google
Home, and Siri show the growing
trend of voice interfaces.

Answer 16

• Voice-Activated Systems:

Question 17

The use of VR and AR
technologies has introduced
new challenges and
opportunities for HCI,
requiring innovations in 3D
navigation, spatial
orientation, and multi-modal
interactions (combining sight,
sound, and motion).

Answer 17

• Virtual and Augmented
  Reality:

Question 18

Challenges

Answer 18

• Designing for diverse user groups with varying skills and
  backgrounds.
• Ensuring inclusivity and accessibility for all users, including those
  with disabilities.
• The need for privacy and security in human-computer interactions,
  especially with voice assistants and IoT devices

Question 19

Future Trends

Answer 19

• Emotion Recognition:
  Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI):
• AI in HCI:

Question 20

Directly linking human cognition
with computer systems, allowing users to control systems with
thoughts

Answer 20

• Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI):

Question 21

is an iterative design process
that focuses on the needs, wants, and limitations of the end
users at every stage of the design process.

Answer 21

User-Centered Design (UCD) i