Quiz 1 Flashcards
When did AAC emerge?
1980s as its own field
F. Hall Roe (1920)
AAC first began here with the first individualized communication board, he suffered with Cerebral Palsy and co-developed his own board
the first communication board
- modern use of AAC began in 1950s with systems for those who lost ability to communicate
- 1960/70s increased committment towards inclusion of disabled individuals (manual sign language, graphic symbol communication)
What is AAC?
all forms of communication, other than oral speech that are used to express thoughts, needs, wants, and ideas
Who relies on AAC?
individuals who need adaptive assistance for speaking/writing because their ability to use speech is impaired
Why people communicate:
- expression of wants/needs
- information transfer
- social closeness
- social etiquette
- communicate with oneself/internal dialogue
- education purposes
Expression of wants & needs
- pre-dominate many communication systems
- may not be the same vocab for everyone
information transfer
- focuses on sharing information (not regulating behavior)
- more complex messages
- content, accuracy, rate are important
social closeness
interaction is more important than actual content of message (meaningful & effective)
accuracy & rate not as important as the feeling of conectedness
ex. greeting classmates when in class
social etiquette
often brief, predicatable vocab
independence, accuracy, rate, efficiency of message are important
ex. please, thank you, ur welcome
internal dialouge
facilitate inner thoughts and rehearse/be comfortable to share
ex. personal reflections, future plans
education purposes
obtain information by asking questions
AAC includes:
- manual signs
- gestures
- finger spelling
- tangible objects
- line drawings
- communication boards
- SGDs
congenital disabilities
AAC may serve as a tool for language/literacy development (needs change + can vary)
ex. cerebral palsy, developmental dis, apraxia, intellectual disability
acquired disabilities
depends on language & cognitive status at time of injury as well as on disease and progression
ex. CVA, TBI, ALS
unaided AAC
- no external tool required
- require some degree of motor control
- can do with own body & nothing external
ex. gestures, sign, body languae, facial expresisons, verbalizations
aided AAC
- require form of external tool (electronic or non-electronic)
- consist of low tech and high tech
- physical tools!
Speech Generating Devices
- use synthesized & digitied speech
- different voice output options
synthesized speech
speech that you can get from an algorithm that the device has in it (computerized)
digitized speech
natural voice
additional augmentative supports
other support systems exist for individuals with differences in expressive/receptive communication, as well as hearing systems might be needed
are considered AT (do not require skilled SLP intervention prior to use)
voice bank
synthetic voice that is developed from recordings of the person’s voice, approximates their natural voice
