Quiz 1 Flashcards
The field of political science that engages in the systematic study of political outcomes through the comparison of different cases.
Comparative Politics
______ asserts an ambitious scope of inquiry. No political phenomenon is foreign to it; no level of analysis is irrelevant, and no time period is beyond its reach.
According to
Comparative Politics
Political scientists
Mark Lichbach and
Alan Zuckerman
Scholars who investigate and compare domestic politics of countries around the world
Comparativists
They are required to understand the structures that shape political decisions, the process of making those decisions, and the leaders who oversee the process in a variety of settings.
Comparativists
They compare and contrast the domestic politics of a country or countries with the domestic politics of another country or countries.
Comparativists
The set of activities that organizes individuals, resolve disputes, and maintains order in society through the creation and enforcement of rules and policies. Such decisions involve winners and losers; as a result, this can also be thought of as the process of deciding “who gets what, when, and how” in a particular society.
Politics
Activities and institutional arrangements designed to prevent and resolve disputes require decisions to be made. In politics, such decisions are known as ____
Policy
Type of power about getting people to do what you want them to do. It includes the idea that one person in a power relationship can overcome the resistance of another.
Power as Influence
The conceptualization of power focusing on characteristics that would give a person the ability to influence important outcomes.
Power as Capabilities
A type of power where political scientists instead looks at the abilities a person might possess that allow him or her to get another person to do what he or she wants the person to do
Power as Capabilities
A type of power where a person is obeyed because of the rewards and/or punishments at his or her disposal.
Coercive Power
Getting what one wants by using rewards and punishments
Coercive Power
Getting what one wants because of legitimacy.
Noncoercive Power
The belief by those obeying commands that those making the commands have the right to rule
Legitimacy
It is a power of exercised through legitimacy rather than through coercion, though some political scientist use the term interchangeably with power
Authority
A type of authority based on the leader’s family’s claim to the throne or the belief that god has granted the leader the right to rule.
Traditional Authority
Type of authority
Ex:
With the help of the Russian Orthodox Church, Russian tsars presented themselves as a link between God and the general population. In such a setting, one can certainly understand why the masses follow the political system’s rules. To disobey would be to disobey God. Such an approach to claiming authority works better in some settings than in others.
Traditional Authority
A form of authority based on the general population’s personal attachment to a particular leader.
Charismatic Authority
Type of authority
The leader’s legitimacy, and perhaps that of the system as a whole, comes from the leader’s ability to inspire people or to get them to like or feel attached to him or her. The weakness of this form of legitimacy is that it is closely tied to an individual leader. If the leader dies or somehow loses must support, the entire political system may be in trouble.
Charismatic Authority
A form of authority based on an established set of rules that govern how leaders are chosen and how they make policy decisions.
Legal Authority
It is based on an established constitution - a political system’s set of rules for making new rules - to which the political leaders adhere. It can also involve selecting leaders through elections. People who vote for a losing candidate may not like the person who wins, but the process of selecting the leaders through an election adds to the legitimacy of the policies that the government produces.
Legitimacy
Define by political scientists both as influence - A getting B to do something even if B does not want to do it - and as the capabilities that allow A to get B to do what A wants.
Power
A large group of people connected through interactions and common traits such as proximity.
Society
A large collective of people who are connected in some meaningful way. This connection includes members’ interactions and common traits that provide a sense of identity.
Society
One of the binding traits of a society
Physical proximity (physical closeness)
Linkage via the internet serves as proximity as well
Unwritten rules or expectations of behavior that help govern society
Norms
