Quiz 1 Flashcards
The trunk
the main part of the body that includes the head, spine, torso, and the pelvis
The limbs
upper and lower and include the arms, legs, hands, and feet
What tissue is bone
osseous tissue
what is osseous tissue made up of
organic - collagen (protein) give elasticity
inorganic - calcium salts give hardness
What are the 6 bone parts
body, shaft, epiphysis, head, neck, and periosteum
body of the bone
main part
shaft of the bone
long and cylindrical
epiphysis of the bone
wider end
head of the bone
end of a long bone
neck of a bone
narrowing from an end
periosteum of a bone
connective tissue
what are the 5 bone shapes
long bones, short bones, flat bones, sesamoid bones, and irregular bones
Example of a long bone
femur
example of a short bone
cuboid
example of a flat bone
scapula
example of a sesamoid bone
patella
example of an irregular bone
vertebral
what are the 7 types of connective tissue
ligaments, tendons, fascia, interosseous membrane, retinaculum, linea alba, and tendinous inscriptions
ligaments
bone to bone connective tissue
tendons
muscle to bone connective tissue
fascia
bands that envelop muscles
interosseous membrane
between two bones
retinaculum
like plastic wrap to contain muscles or tendons
linea alba
“white line” in Latin, center line of the abs
tendinous inscriptions
the horizontal line in the abs
Anatomical Terminology
superior & inferior
anterior & posterior
medial & lateral
proximal & distal
superficial & deep
ventral & dorsal
plantar & palmar
superior
above
inferior
below
anterior
in front
posterior
in back
medial
toward the midline of the body
lateral
toward the side of the body or away from the midline
proximal
nearer to the trunk
distal
farther from the trunk
superficial
near the skin
deep
near the bone
ventral
lung side
dorsal
back of the torso in a horizontal position or the top of the foot
plantar
bottom of the foot
palmar
palm of the hand
what are the 3 planes of action
sagittal, frontal, and transverse
sagittal plane
cuts the body into equal right and left halves
frontal plane
cuts the body into front and back
transverse plane
cuts the body into top and bottom
What is a lever and what is a fulcrum
bone is a lever and joint is a fulcrum
Actions in the sagittal plan
flexion, extension, and hyperextension
actions in the frontal plane
abduction (away), adduction (toward), and lateral flexion
actions in the transverse plane
inward rotation, outward rotation, and rotation of the spine
7 Joint types
plane, hinge, ball and socket, pivot, saddle, condyloid, and amphiarthrotic
example of a plane joint
wrist
example of a hinge joint
elbow
example of a ball and socket joint
hip
example of a pivot joint
lower arm
example of a saddle joint
thumb
example of a condyloid joint
knee and fingers
amphiarthrotic joint example
between the pelvis and the sacrum
