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Treatment & Planning I > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Tension headache definition

A

Constant or intermittent pain or pressure in the head

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2
Q

Tension headache causes

A

-Trigger point referral
-TMJ or facet joint irritation
-TMJD
-Muscle spasm
-Cervical spine subluxation
-Emotional stress
-Trauma

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3
Q

Tension headaches signs and symptoms

A

-Aching vise-like pain
-Muscle HT in head, sub o’s, neck, upper body
-Sleep disturbances
-Tinnitus
-Analgic posture

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4
Q

Special tests to do when someone has tension headaches

A

Kemp’s
Cervical spine compression/distraction

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5
Q

2 types of migraine headaches

A

Common migraine = no aura
Classic migraine = aura

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6
Q

What is aura caused by?

A

Initital vasoconstriction of cerebral blood vessels

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7
Q

What is headache pain caused by?

A

Vasodilation of blood vessels

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8
Q

Migraine triggers

A

-Hormonal changes, stress
-Food, food additives
-Sensory stimuli (bright light/strong smells)
-Changes in wake/sleep patterns
-Medication
-Physical exertion

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9
Q

Are migraines hereditary?

A

Yes, 70% family history

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10
Q

Migraine signs/symptoms

A

-Aura
-Pulsating (60% unilateral)
-Moderate to severe intensity
-Sensitivity to light, sound, smells
-Symptoms last 4-72

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11
Q

Migraine assessment procedure

A

-Cervial spine AROM + PROM
-Kernig’s test (rule out meningitis)
-Muscle palpation

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11
Q

3 sinuses

A

Frontal, ethmoid, maxillary

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12
Q

What are sinuses?

A

Air filled spaces within the skull

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13
Q

What are sinuses lined with?

A

Mucous membrane that’s continuous w/ the nasal cavities

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14
Q

Sinus mucosa characteristics

A

Thinner and less vascular

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15
Q

Frontal sinus drainage

A

Inferiorly into nasal cavity

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16
Q

Maxillary sinus drainage

A

Medially and superiorly

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17
Q

What position drains the maxillary sinus?

A

Side lying. The cannot drain while standing

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18
Q

Sinus headache causes

A

Viral/bacterial infection
Tooth abscess
Dairy/wheat products (sensitivities)
Deviated nasal septum

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19
Q

Sinus headache assessment

A

Percussing inflamed sinus
Sinus transillumination

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20
Q

Torticollis defintion

A

An abnormal position of the head and neck relative to the body

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21
Q

What is torticollis is also known as

A

Wry neck & cervical dystonia

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22
Q

Dystonia

A

Involuntary sustained contraction of skeletal muscles

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23
Q

2 types of torticollis

A

Congenital & aquired

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24
Q

Torticollis causes

A

-Trauma
-Muscle spasm
-Cervical bone spurs
-Osteothritits
-Overuse of cervical musculature

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25
Q

Whiplash definition

A

An acceleration-deceleration mechanism of energy transfer to the neck. May result from MVA. The impact may result in bony or soft tissue injuries which may lead to a variety of clinical manifestation

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26
Q

Whiplash contributing factors

A

-Direction of impact
-Did they anticipate in?
-Body positioning during accident
-Speed at time of accident

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27
Q

Whiplash grade 0

A

No complaints about neck
No physical signs

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28
Q

Whiplash grade 1

A

Complaints of neck pain, stiffness or tenderness only
No physical sign(s)

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29
Q

Whiplash grade 2

A

Neck complaint AND musculoskeletal sign(s). Musculoskeletal signs include decreased ROM and point tenderness

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30
Q

Whiplash grade 3

A

Neck complaint AND neurological sign(s)
Neurological signs include decreased/abscent tendon reflexes, weakness and sensory deficits

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31
Q

Whiplash grade 4

A

Neck complaint AND fracture or disolocation

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32
Q

Assessment for whiplash

A

Palpation
ROM (mindful of CI’s)
Neurological testing
Vertebral artery test
Swallowing test
Cervical compression

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33
Q

Whiplash CI’s

A

Acute - only painfree AROM/neurological testing
Avoid fully removing protective muscle splinting
Vertebral artery test is positive refer to physician
Do not mobilize hypermobile structures

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34
Q

TMJD causes

A

Secondary to arthritis or injury to jaw
Bruxism
Muscle overuse
Malocclusion

35
Q

TMJD signs & symptoms

A

Pain/tenderness at TMJ
Aching in ear region
Difficulty/pain with chewing
Facial pain/ache
Joint locking/clicking/popping

36
Q

TMJD assessment

A

Palpation of condyles
ROM

37
Q

When is TMJ massage most effective

A

before damage to meniscus and cartilage occurs

38
Q

4 phases of tx and planning

A
  1. Evaluation
    2.Treatment and planning
    3.Treatment
  2. Discharge
39
Q

3 steps in evaluation

A
  1. Review the client’s reason for seeking treatment
  2. Conduct subjective & objective client examination
  3. Analyze findings and confirm client’s presenting issues
40
Q

2 steps in treatment and planning

A
  1. Identify client’s impairments/wellness goals & specific outcomes
  2. Select appropriate Tx techniques and creat plan of care
41
Q

2 steps in treatment

A
  1. Deliver Tx outlined in plan of care
  2. Conduct client re-examination and modify Tx
42
Q

2 steps in discharge

A
  1. Identify client’s discharge needs and formulate discharge plan
  2. Discharge client when appropriate outcomes are met
43
Q

Spasm definition

A

Sudden, involuntary contraction of skeletal or smooth muscle that causes increased tension in the muscle and often pain. Spasms of skeletal muscles are accompanied by motor neuron firing

44
Q

Cramp vs spasm

A

Cramp = strong, painful, usually short
Spasm = longer, can be chronic. Involuntary sustained contraction of a muscle

45
Q

Muscle guarding definition

A

a muscle spasm in response to pain

46
Q

Pain-spasm cycle

A

Reflex muscle contraction:
Lack of movement… tissue ischemia… pain… muscle spasm… repeat

47
Q

Neurologically mediated condition

A

Nociceptor activation resulting in T-cell activation stimulating an anterior horn cell to cause a muscle fibre to contract

48
Q

Muscle spasm causes

A

Pain
Circulatory stasis
Increased gamma neuron firing
Cold breeze/chilling of a muscle
Impaired nutrition

49
Q

Exercise induced spasm causes

A

Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalance
Hyperthermia
Over stimulation of nerves

50
Q

Contusion defintion

A

A crush injury to a muscle (bruise)

51
Q

Contusion causes

A

Direct blow to a muscle
Contact sports
MVA
Falls

52
Q

Myositis ossificans defintion

A

Inflammation of a muscle leading to bone formation

53
Q

How does bone formation occur in myositis ossificans and which part of the muscle does it occur in?

A

It occurs due to a cascade of cellular responses
The elastic, contractible components of the muscle become rigid

54
Q

Contusion CI’s

A

Pain free AROM in acute phase
No passive stretching in acute phase
No on site work in acute phase
Frictions if on antinflammatory

55
Q

Thoracic outlet syndrome

A

A group of conditions resulting in compression of the subclavian vessels and trunks of the brachial plexus in the region of the clavicle, first rib, anterior scalene and pec minor

56
Q

Arterial compression symptoms

A

Discolouration
Decreased pulse
Slow capillary refill
Cramping/twitching
Potential weakness

57
Q

Venous compression symptoms

A

Swelling/edema
Heat
Discolouration
Thrombosis
Nerve compression
Decreased ROM

58
Q

Nerve compression symptoms

A

Numbness/tingling/paresthesia
Decreased sensation and reflexes
Weakness
Affected myotomes

59
Q

Anterior scalene syndrome compression site

A

Between middle and anterior scalene

60
Q

What isn’t compressed in anterior scalene syndrome?

A

Subclavian vein

61
Q

Anterior scalene syndrome test

A

Adson’s test

62
Q

Anterior scalene syndrome causes

A

Facet joint irritation
Muscle spasm

63
Q

Pectoralis minor syndrome compression site

A

Between pec minor & ribs

64
Q

Pectoralis minor syndrome special test

A

Wright’s hyperabduction test

65
Q

Pectoralis minor syndrome causes

A

Tendonitis
Slouched posture
Desk jobs
COPD
Asthma

66
Q

Costoclavicular syndrome compression site

A

Between clavicle and first rib

67
Q

Costoclavicular syndrome special test

A

Military brace/costoclavicular test

68
Q

Costoclavicular syndrome causes

A

Extra first rib (extended TVP)
Hypertonic subclavian muscles
Fractured clavicle
Fixed first rib
Heavy backpacks

69
Q

Condition to rule out for TOS

A

Cervical radiopathy
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Pronator teres syndrome
Ulnar nerve compression
Raynaud’s disease

70
Q

Special tests that work for all types of TOS

A

Edens test
ULTTs

71
Q

What is nerve conduction velocity testing?

A

An electrical test that is used to determine the adequacy of the conduction of the nerve impulse as it courses down a nerve. Used to test signs of nerve injury

72
Q

Tendinitis definition

A

Inflammation of a tendon and peritendinous tissue that can occur in response to repetitive mechanical trauma

73
Q

Tendinitis grade 1

A

Pain experienced after activity exclusively

74
Q

Tendinitis grade 2

A

Pain experienced at onset of activity, disappears during activity, returns after

75
Q

Tendinitis grade 3

A

Pain experienced at onset, during & after activity

76
Q

Tendinitis grade 4

A

Pain experienced with all activities of life

77
Q

Tendinitis causes

A

Overuse
Repetitive movements
Degenerative changes

78
Q

Tendinitis signs/symptoms

A

Tenderness on palpation
Localized swelling and heat
Localized pain and tenderness

79
Q

Achilles tendinitis ST

A

Positive arc sign
Royal london hospital test

80
Q

Bicipital tendinitis ST

A

Speeds test

81
Q

De Quervain’s ST

A

Finkelstein test

82
Q

Lateral epicondylitis ST

A

Cozens and mills test

83
Q

Medial epicondylitis ST

A

Medial epicondylitis test

84
Q

Patellar tendinitis test

A

Single leg decline test
Patellar grind test

85
Q

Rotator cuff tendinitis

A

Hawkins Kennedy Impingement test

Treatment & Planning I (4 decks)

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