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remote sensing > quiz 1 > Flashcards

quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is continuity in remote sensing

A

field based observations are only discrete “points in space. Remote sensing allows for spatially continuous data.

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2
Q

what three things does remote sensing provide

A

1.)continuity
2.)scale
3.)visibility

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3
Q

what is scale in remote sensing

A

scale is the relationship between reality and what is actually displayed

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4
Q

Explain active vs passive remote sensing

A

-active: active is when the remote sensing device emits electromagnetic radiation
-passive: passive is when the sun or other objects send out the electromagnetic radiation

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5
Q

true or false: energy can be emitted, transmitted, reflected, or absorbed

A

true

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6
Q

what is electromagnetic radiation

A

rediation that propagates as a wave of electric and magnetic field perpendicular to each other

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7
Q

what is particle radiation

A

radiation of energy by fast moving subatomic particles

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8
Q

what is acoustic radiation

A

radiation that takes the form of mechanical waves

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9
Q

gravitational radiation

A

takes the form of gravitational waves

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10
Q

what is wavelength

A

wavelength is the distance between peaks

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11
Q

what is frequency

A

frequency is how often you see a peak on the same side

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12
Q

what is the relationship between frequency and wavelenght?

A

inverse relationship. Long wave length means lower frequency

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13
Q

what are wave and quanta in electromagnetic radiation, and is electromagnetic radiation made up of both?

A

yes electromagnetic radiation is made of both waves and quanta.
waves are continuous and quanta are discrete particles

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14
Q

is energy inversely related to wavelength?

A

yes the longer the wavelength the less energy

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15
Q

what is the stefen-boltzman law

A

this law defines the relationship between temperature and energy emited

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16
Q

true or false: matter at temps above absolute zero continuously emit electromagnetic radiation

A

true

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17
Q

what is a black body

A

a blackbody is a hypothetical ideal radiator that totally absorbs and reemits all energy incident upon it

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18
Q

does temperature impact wavelength?

A

yes it does

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19
Q

what is wins displacement law

A

gives you the wavelength of an object based on its heat. You have to convert from celsius to kelvin by adding 273.15. The formula is A/T where A is a constant 2897.8 and T is abosulte temp in kelvin

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20
Q

what variables affect radiation going through the atmosphere

A

-difference in path length
-magnitudde of energy being senses
-atmosphere condition
-wavelength involved

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21
Q

what are the two ways atmosphere interacts with radiation

A

scattering and absorption

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22
Q

what is rayleigh scattering

A

spreading radiation everywhere around a particle because the wavelengths are larger than the particle

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23
Q

what is mie scattering

A

mie scattering the wavelengths are about the size of the particles and the vast majority of scattering is in the direction of the wave

24
Q

what is non selective scattering

A

the wavelength is smaller than the large particles and scattering is in random directions

25
Q

what are the three fundemental interactions energy has with the earth

A

transmitted energy, reflected energy, and absorbed energy

26
Q

what is the energy balance equation

A

incident energy(EI) = reflected energy(ER) + transmitted energy(ET) +absorbed energy (EA)

-incident energy is the energy coming in

27
Q

what is spectral reflectance

A

the portion of incident energy that is reflected

28
Q

what is a spectral reflectance curve?

A

an average reflectance value compiled from large number of features

29
Q

what is a spectral signature

A

its the spectral response which allows the assessment of an object. these come from spectral reflectance curves

30
Q

what are the spatial and temporal effects influencing spectral signature

A

1.)temporal effects: factors change the spectral signature of an object over time
2.)spatial effects: factors that change the spectral signature of a feature at a given point in time at different locations

31
Q

what is atmospheric correction

A

difference between two “signatures” caused by atmospheric scattering and absorption in the instrument

32
Q

what is geometric impact on spectral signature

A

geometry impacts the amount of energy reflected by an object

33
Q

what is specular reflectors

A

are flat surfaces that manifest like a mirror

34
Q

what are diffuse reflectors

A

reflectors are rough surfaces that reflect uniformly in all directions

35
Q

for remote sensing do we want diffuse of specular reflectors

A

we want diffuse

36
Q

describe spectral bands

A

every sensor records certain energy wave lengths that can then be chopped into even finer portions of the wavelength known as bands

37
Q

what is a digital number

A

a digital number is a value assigned to each pixel that represnets energy or the color is has

38
Q

what are the 3 ways images are stored

A

1.) band sequential
2.)band interlead by line
3.) band interlead by pixel

39
Q

what is DSM

A

digital surface model which describes the elevation of uppermost surfaces

40
Q

what is DTM

A

digital terrain model which is elevation of bare land

41
Q

what is DEM

A

digital elevation model which is a general description of elevation

42
Q

what is the canopy height model and how do you get canopy heights

A

you subtract DSM from DTM to get CHM which is height of trees

43
Q

what are the 3 ways reference data might be used

A

1.) to aid in analysis and interpretation of data
2.)to calibrate a sensor
3.)to verify data information

44
Q

what are the 4 distortions of map projections

A

-shape
-size
-distance
-bearing

45
Q

when making a map projection how many out of the 4 distortions are you able to choose

A

you can only ever not have 2 aspects distorted out of the 4

46
Q

what are the basic elements of image interpretation

A

-shape
-size
-pattern
-tone
-texture
-shadow
-site

47
Q

what are the 4 types of resolution

A

1.)temporal
2.)spatial
3.)spectral
4.)radiometric

48
Q

describe temporal resolution

A

how often the same area is observed to detect changes over time

49
Q

describe spatial resolution

A

spatial resolution is the limit on how small an object can be on earths surface and still be delineated from its surroundings

50
Q

describe spectral resolution

A

sensors ability to distinguish features based on spectral properties
-depends on the number of spectral bands and wave lengths

51
Q

describe radiometric resolution

A

sensors ability to differentiate among brightness

52
Q

true of false: spatial resolution is inversely related to the number or wavelengths (spectral resolution) and the radiometric resolution

A

true

53
Q

describe how spatial resolution is a function of sensor size

A

with a larger pixel you get worse resolutions therefore smaller sensors have better resolution but a smaller area is seen. because these sensors are small they also capture little energy and might not see anything

54
Q

what are the 3 types of projections

A

1.)cylindrical
2.)conical
3.)planar

55
Q

what is gnomic, orthographic and stereographic

A

these are all view points on earth
1.)othorgraphic:lines point down towards infinity and are parallel, its the best in theory
2.)gnomonic is a view point at earths center
3.)stereogrphic is a view point at earths surface

remote sensing (4 decks)

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