Quiz #1 Flashcards
Closed system
System with fixed mass; energy can go through barriers
Isolated system
Neither energy nor mass can pass the boundary
Open system
Region in space where mass or energy can pass through boundary
Intensive properties
Independent of the size of a system
Extensive properties
Dependent of the size of a system
Specific properties
Extensive properties per unit mass
State
When a system is not undergoing change and its properties are fixed
Equilibrium state
Implies that properties are uniform throughout the system
Thermal equilibrium
Temperature is uniform
Mechanical equilibrium
Pressure is uniform
Phase equilibrium
Each phase is in equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium
Chemical composition is constant
State postulate
Equilibrium state of a compressible substance specified by two independent intensive properties
Process
When a system undergoes a change from one state to another
The path
Series of intermediate states that a system goes through to reach a final state
Equasi-equilibrium process
Process where each location in the path is nearly in equilibrium
Steady-state process
Process during which a fluid flow steadily
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
When two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body
Macroscopic forms of energy
Those with respect to outside reference
Microscopic forms of energy
Related to the molecular structure of a system
Internal energy
Sum of all microscopic forms of energy
Static form of energy
Total energy of a system that can be contained
Dynamic forms of energy
Forms of energy not stored in a system
Adiabatic system
A system exchanges no heat
Conduction
Transfer of energy from energetic particles to adjacent less energetic ones
Convection
Transfer of energy between a solid surface and the adjacent fluid that is in motion
Radiation
Transfer of energy due to the emission of electromagnetic waves
Work
Energy transfer associated with force acting through a distance
First law of thermodynamics
Energy can be neither created nor destroyed during a process only change forms
