quiz 1

Question 1

Epidemiology

Answer 1

distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.

Question 2

what kind of science is epidemiology?

Answer 2

observational science

Question 3

greek term

Answer 3

epi (upon)
demos (people)
logy (study of)

Question 4

describe 2 ways in which epidemiology may be considered a liberal arts discipline

Answer 4

sociology (social determinanats of disease)
history (for historical accounts of disease and early epidemiologic methods)

Question 5

state the diff between description and analysis in epidemiology

Answer 5

d : characterizing the amount and distribution of health and disease within a popul.
a : studies used to test hypotheses

Question 6

descriptive

Answer 6

describe the occurrence of disease and health outcomes in a population to provide a foundation for further research
- helps identify risk factors and develop hypotheses for future studies but does not examine causes
- amount and distribution
- when? where? who?
- looking for and preventing the burden

Question 7

analytic

Answer 7

• Why? How?
• examines causal (etiologic) hypotheses regarding the association between exposes and health conditions

Question 8

list uses of epidemiology

Answer 8

Historical use: history of the helath of populations
Community health: diagnose the health of a community
health services: study the working of health services
risk assessment: estimate individuals’ risks of disease, accident, or defect
disease causality: search for the causes of health and disease

Question 9

distribution

Answer 9

occurrence of diseases and other health outcomes varies in populations with some subgroups of the populations more frequently affected than others

Question 10

determinants

Answer 10

its a cause
- collective or individual risk factor (or set of factors) that is casually related to a health condition, outcome, or other defined characteristic

Question 11

outcomes

Answer 11

possible results that may stem from exposure to a causal factor

Question 12

quantification

Answer 12

the counting of cases of illness or other health outcomes such as morality

Question 13

Interdisciplinary approach

Answer 13

epidemiology uses info from many fields.
- math
- history
- sociology
- demography and geography
- behavioral sciences
- law

Question 14

use of scientific method

Answer 14

the work of an epidemiologist is driven by theories, hypotheses, and empirical data.

Question 15

skills acquired from training in epidemiology

Answer 15

• interdisciplinary approach
• scienctific method
• critical thinking skills
• problem solving
• communication skills
• use of quantitative and computer methods

Question 16

control of health problems

Answer 16

epidemiology aids with:
- health promotion
- alleviation of adverse health outcomes
- prevention of disease
Examples of health problems to be controlled:
- Infectious and communicable diseases
- chronic diseases

Question 17

population focus

Answer 17

the clinician’s “patient” is the individual; the epidemiologist’s “patient” is the community

Question 18

examples of social determinants:

Answer 18

• family
• income
• environment
• economic stability
• social and community context
• healthcare
• education

Question 19

frequency

Answer 19

the number of health events, such as the number of cases of cases, and the relationship of that number to the size of the population

Question 20

pattern

Answer 20

the occurrence of health-related events by time, place, and person

Question 21

application

Answer 21

applying the knowledge gained by the studies to community-based practice

Question 22

exposures

Answer 22

related to determinants
- pertain either to contact with a disease-causing factor or to the amount of the factor that impinges upon a group or individuals

Question 23

health related states

Answer 23

more than just the study of disease, but includes the study of events, behaviors and conditions associated with health.

Question 24

is this study analytic or descriptive?
“there is a spring formal in a certain building on monday. Today, 12 students were diagnosed with a rash on their necks”

Answer 24

descriptive