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Purposive Communication > quiz 1 > Flashcards

quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

7 elements of communication

A
  1. people
  2. message
  3. noise
  4. context
  5. channel
  6. feedback
  7. effect
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2
Q

the senders and receivers

A

people

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3
Q

content of a communicative act

A

message

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4
Q

it is anything that interfere or distract to a communication

A

noise

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5
Q

environment surrounding the communication act

A

context

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6
Q

medium of communication

A

channel

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7
Q

verbal and nonverbal cues that we perceive in reaction to our communication function

A

feedback

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8
Q

as people communicate, they are each other changed in some way by the interaction which is turn influences what follow.

A

effect

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9
Q

what is the purpose of communication?

A

the purpose of communication is to convey a message from one person to another, with the aim of mutual understanding

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10
Q

why is COMMUNICATION is also vital in the workplace?

A

because employees need to communicate with their colleagues, supervisors, and customers to achieve their goals

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11
Q

why is COMMUNICATION is essential in EDUCATION?

A

it can help to avoid misunderstandings, develop strong relationships with peers, and foster a collaborative learning environment.

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12
Q

_____ and ______ need to communicate effectively to ensure the transfer of knowledge

A

students and teacher

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13
Q

students need to ____, and teachers need to _______

A

students need to express their thoughts and ideas, and teachers need to provide feedback and guidance.

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14
Q

what’s the effect of effective communication in education?

A
  • can improve student performance and a more positive learning experience
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15
Q

according to (Muneeb Ahsan 1999) what’s the effect of effective communication in education?

A

can improve teamwork, increase productivity, and enhance customer satisfaction.

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16
Q

according to (Muneeb Ahsan 1999) what’s the effect of effective communication in education?

A

can improve teamwork, increase productivity, and enhance customer satisfaction.

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17
Q

purposes of communication

A
  1. speech to inform
  2. speech to persuade
  3. speech to entertain
    4.
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18
Q

an ________ is a fact-based speech that conveys knowledge without trying to convince the audience.

A

Informative Speech

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19
Q

explain what is a good informative speech

A

a good informative speech conveys accurate information to the audience in a clear way that keeps the listener interested in the topic

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20
Q

the most common type of informative speech are:

A

explanation
definition
description
demonstration

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21
Q

according to _____ informative speech aims to teach or instruct the audience about the topic. They include objective information and fact-based research

A

Logan Hailey (2024)

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22
Q

a detailed process of how someone works often explaining an otherwise complex, abstract, or unfamiliar idea to the audience

A

speech of explanation

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23
Q

provides the meaning of an idea to the audience. it is helpful to clarify or simplify concepts, theories, or ideas that an audience may otherwise be unfamiliar with

A

definitional speech

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24
Q

provides a clear vivid and memorable picture of a person, place, thing, idea, or alternative

A

speech of description

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25
Q

called “how to” which shows the audience how to do something

A

speech to demonstrate

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26
Q

______ have one thing in common, a purposeful message with a captivating delivery

A

informative speeches

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27
Q

to pick up the important topic, understand the basic guidelines

(who, what, when, where, and why)
according to?

A

Logan, H (2024)

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28
Q

it aims to persuade the audience to perform a certain action or convince them to adopt the belief or opinion of the speaker

A

persuasive speech

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29
Q

what is the best way to prepare for persuasive speaking opportunities:

A
  1. think of the audience
  2. make an outline of your speech
  3. craft a clear call to action
  4. add visuals if possible
  5. refine your delivery
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30
Q

what is the best way to prepare for persuasive speaking opportunities:

A
  1. think of the audience
  2. make an outline of your speech
  3. craft a clear call to action
  4. add visuals if possible
  5. refine your delivery
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31
Q

5 tips for giving a persuasive presentation by Killian Christian (2019)

A
  1. Ethos
  2. Logos
  3. Pathos
  4. Methapors
  5. Brevity
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32
Q

designed to captivate an audience or amuse them while delivering the message it simply allows the audience to enjoy themselves in some way

A

speech to entertain

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33
Q

tips to start a speech effectively

A
  1. Quote a leader
  2. Start with a joke
  3. Introduce yourself
  4. Ask a question
  5. Share an anecdote
  6. Tell your personal story
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34
Q

our world is being _______

A

our world is being shaped by the way we communicate.

and explain what is our world is being shaped by the way we communicate.

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35
Q

all communication encounters have certain _______ that together help define the communication process

A

common elements

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36
Q

in order to succeed in communication encounters, you need to understand these elements for you to become effective communicators

A

communication is a social practice

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37
Q

a type of speech crafted to convince someone to believe or do something

A

speech to persuade

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38
Q

according to ______,it is a speech intended to convince the audience to believe or do something

A

Beqiri Gini (2021)

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39
Q

start your talk by establishing your credibility and character

A

ethos

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40
Q

use data, evidence, and facts to support your pitch

A

logos

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41
Q

people are moved to action by how a speaker makes them feel better

A

pathos

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42
Q

making it easier to understand and remember your message

A

methapors

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43
Q

communication is a fundamental skill that enhances clarity and impact. it is expressing ideas consisely without sacrificing meaning or depth. it ensures that listeners grasp the intended message quickly and effectively.

A

Brevity

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44
Q

to entertain is to hold the Audience in an emotional state. this category includes any speech or story to bring out emotions, sadness, grief, wonder, wje joy for their own sake.

A

the goal to entertain

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45
Q

how to open the speech?

A

a good introduction need to get your audience attention, tells them what you’re talking about, make it interesting, shows you know what youre talking about, and tells them what you’ll be discussing.

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46
Q

Behind the communication process are several factors that inevitably spur in the way of efficient message sending and receiving.

they are commonly referred to as ______

A

Barriers of communication

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47
Q

Barriers to effective communication can DISTORT the message or intention of the message being conveyed.

this may result in ____

A

failure of the communication process or cause an effect that is undesirable.

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48
Q

this includes environment, distance, challenging stimulus, and media ignorance.

A

physical

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49
Q

this includes dialects and language disabilities

A

linguistic

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50
Q

this includes age, social position, mental difference ot thinking behavior, economic status, political views, values and rules, ethics or standards, motives and priorities.

A

cultural

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51
Q

this includes anger, fear, hostility and overconfidence

A

emotional

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52
Q

why we need to remove barriers in communication?

A

it is important to remove barriers in communication in order to make communication easier and smoother

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53
Q

it is a system of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people

A

culture

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54
Q

it is when people from different cultures talk and share ideas with each other. It involves understanding and respecting each other’s customs, languages, and ways of thinking. This helps people work together better and avoid misunderstandings.

A

intercultural communication

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55
Q

5 basic characteristics of culture

A
  1. culture is learned
  2. shared
  3. based on symbols
  4. integrated
  5. dynamic
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56
Q

Culture is learned

A

Culture is not something we are born with. We learn it from our family, friends, and society as we grow up

57
Q

Culture uses symbols like language, gestures, and objects to communicate and represent ideas. For example, a country’s flag is a symbol of its culture.

A

culture is based on symbols

58
Q

All parts of culture are connected. Changes in one part (like technology) can affect other parts (like how we communicate)

A

Culture is integrated

59
Q

Culture is always changing. It adapts to new ideas, experiences, and environments12

A

Culture is dynamic

60
Q

HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS (6)

A

-power distance
-individualism vs collectivism
-masculinity vs femininity
-uncertainty avoidance
-time orientation
-indulgence vs restraint

61
Q

This measures how much people in a society accept that power is not distributed equally. In some cultures, people are okay with big differences in power (high power distance), while in others, they prefer equality (low power distance).

A

power distance

62
Q

This dimension looks at whether people prefer to work alone or in groups. Individualistic cultures value personal freedom and independence, while collectivist cultures value teamwork and group harmony

A

individualism vs collectivism

63
Q

This dimension examines what a society values more: competitiveness and achievement or caring for others and quality of life.

A

masculinity vs femininity

64
Q

This measures how comfortable people are with uncertainty and ambiguity. High uncertainty avoidance cultures prefer clear rules and structure, while low uncertainty avoidance cultures are more relaxed and open to change.

A

uncertainty avoidance

65
Q

This dimension looks at whether a culture focuses on long-term planning and perseverance (long-term orientation) or values traditions and the present moment (short-term orientation).

A

Time Orientation (long term/short term orientation)

66
Q

this measures how much a society allows people to enjoy life and have fun versus how much it controls or restricts those desires

A

indulgence vs restraint

67
Q

barriers to intercultural communication

A
  1. Ethnocentrism
  2. stereotyping
  3. prejudice
  4. assuming similarities instead of differences
  5. anxiety
68
Q

This is when people believe their own culture is better than others. It can make it hard to appreciate and respect different cultures.

A

Ethnocentrism

69
Q

This happens when people make generalizations about others based on their culture. For example, thinking all people from a certain country behave the same way

A

stereotyping

70
Q

This is having a negative attitude or feeling towards someone just because they belong to a different culture. It can lead to unfair treatment and misunderstandings.

A

prejudice

71
Q

Sometimes, people assume that everyone thinks and acts the same way they do. This can cause confusion because cultural differences are overlooked.

A

assuming similarities instead of differences

72
Q

it is feeling nervous, which can affect communication when you focus so much on your own feelings that you do not pay attention to what other people are telling you

A

anxiety

73
Q

To succeed in communication encounters, you need to indulge in ____.

in short, ______

A

passive observation.

in short, observe first before you open your mouth

74
Q

the idea that we should understand and judge other cultures based on their own values and beliefs, not by comparing them to our own culture.

A

cultural relativism

75
Q

a framework by _____ offers an approach for understanding how values differences across national cultures can influence human behavior

A

Geert Hofstede (1980)

76
Q

the use of words

A

verbal

77
Q

Non-speech elements fall
under seven categories.

A

Non-linguistic elements

77
Q

aspect
which does not make use of words.

A

non verbal

78
Q

language of the body

A

Kinesics-

79
Q

language of space

A

Proxemics-

80
Q

language of time

A

Chronemics-

81
Q

language of touch

A

haptics

81
Q

language of smell

A

Olfactics-

82
Q

language of objects

A

Artefactual-

83
Q

-language of look

A

Physical appearance

84
Q

These include attributes of the
voice that accompany the
words we say such as vocal
quality, pitch, tempo, volume,
and juncture.

A

Paralinguistic elements

85
Q

These refer to communicators’
awareness of the component
units of language like sound,
words, phrases and sentences.

A

Metalinguistic elements

86
Q

Communication experts
attribute general meaning
to __percent nonverbal
and only _ percent verbal.

A

93, 7

87
Q

Our real language is _____

A

behavior

87
Q

_ percent words,

A

7

88
Q

__ percent tone and inflection,
and

A

38

89
Q

___ percent facial expression,
body position and gesture.

A

55

90
Q

This implies that we have to be
careful with our behavior because
it considerably speaks louder
than words we utter.

A

Our real language is behavior.

91
Q

stands for a society that allows relatively free gratification of basic and natural human drives related to enjoying life and having fun.

A

indulgence

92
Q

communication between people with differing cultural identities.

A

intercultural communication

93
Q

It is through ________ that we come to create, understand, and transform culture and identity.

A

intercultural communication

94
Q

One reason we should study intercultural communication is to ________ (Martin & Nakayama, 2010).

A

foster greater self-awareness

95
Q

The _________ discusses this in their Credo for Ethical Communication, stating that Ethical communication is fundamental to responsible thinking, decision-making, and the development of relationships and communicates within and across contexts, cultures, channels, and media.

A

US National Communication Association

96
Q

effective when it allows you to achieve a goal that you care about.

A

intercultural communication

96
Q

this is how you engage someone from another culture well.

A

Intercultural communication competence (ICC)

97
Q

Intercultural communication is appropriate when you achieve your goals using ______ that are expected in the situation.

A

messages and actions

98
Q

achieving a goal you care about is not enough; Competence in communicating interculturally also means you must communicate appropriately. this is according to?

A

Wiseman

98
Q

You must have information about the people, the rules for communication used within their culture, the context, and the expectations members of the other culture have for interactions.

A

knowledge

99
Q

You must be able to engage in a different style of communication than you’re used to. This could mean saying things that you may not truly believe in and behaving in ways that may feel ‘unnatural’ at first.

A

skills

100
Q

You must be motivated to interact with people who are different than you. This means being able to let go of any misgivings or negative emotions you may have towards them

A

motivation

101
Q

communicators are typically quiet and don’t seek attention. They have these tendencies:

A

passive

101
Q

Intercultural Communication requires communicators to be _______, which is the recipe for building lasting relationships across cultures.

A

ethical and competent

102
Q

doesn’t just entail differences in dress and language. It also encompasses different ways of thinking, managing, and communicating.

A

cultural diversity

102
Q

This type of communication is also known as the submissive communication style. Another way of describing it is the “people-pleaser” type.

A

passive

103
Q

This communication style can be hostile, threatening, and comes from a place of wanting to win at all costs.

A

aggresive

104
Q

This style of communication uses cunning, deceit, and influence to control the outcome of the conversation, and thus the actions of the people around them.

A

manipulative

104
Q

This style of communication, like the name suggests, combines aspects of both passive and aggressive communication styles. They appear passive on the surface, but aggressive motivation boils underneath. This style tends to be toxic in the workplace, spreading discontent and resentment.

A

passive-agressive

105
Q

In sociolinguistics, _________ – also called ‘____’ – is a general term for any distinctive form of a language or linguistic expression

A

anguage variety, lect

105
Q

This type of communication is considered the most effective and is typically the most respectful and productive type.
Assertive communicators share their thoughts and ideas confidently, but they’re always respectful and polite. They readily take on challenges but know how to say “no” when it’s required. These individuals understand their own limits and protect their boundaries without acting overly aggressive or defensive.

A

assertive

106
Q

It is a pidgin that becomes the first language of the children, or the mother tongue of a certain community.

A

creole

107
Q

It is not a language that is not distinct from a national language, but rather a variety of a language spoken in a particular area of a country.

A

regional dialect

108
Q

This is a variety used as a marker of identity, usually alongside a standard variety, by the members of a particular minority ethnic group.

A

minority dialect

109
Q

refers to a new language that develops into situations where speakers of different languages need to communicate but do not share a common language.

A

pidgin

110
Q

These are spoken mainly as second languages in former colonies with multilingual populations.

A

indigenized varieties

111
Q

refers to the specialized language of a professional or occupational group. Such language is often meaningless to outsiders.

A

jargon

112
Q

the language that emerges within a subgroup to describe new ideas, or to assign new words to existing ideas to develop a sense of identity.

A

slang

113
Q

characterized by the way a speaker uses language differently in different social circumstances. These are determined by such factors as social atmosphere, purpose of communication, audience, and the general context of the discourse.

A

language register

114
Q

These registers are used in professional, academic, or legal settings where communication is expected to be respectful, uninterrupted, and restrained to specific rules.

A

formal

115
Q

These registers are used when communicating with friends, close acquaintances, colleagues, and family members. These are used in birthday parties or family gatherings.

A

casual or imformal

116
Q

reserved for special occasions, usually between only two people and often in private. Examples are an inside joke between two high school friends or sweet nothings whispered to your “special someone.”

A

intimate

117
Q

It refers to historic language that is intended to remain unchanged.
Examples are the registers used in the Philippine Constitution and the Holy Bible.

A

frozen

118
Q

It is used in conversations when people are speaking with someone who has specialized knowledge or is offering advice.
Tone is often respectful, such as the use of honorifics or courtesy titles, but may be more casual if the relationship between or among the communicators is friendly.

A

consultative

119
Q

Examples are registers used in local television broadcast or in a conversation with a doctor during medical examination.

A

consultative registers

120
Q

non-emotional and laden with facts. These are most appropriate for research or technical writing.

A

Neutral language registers

121
Q

one of the components of a communication cycle that conveys ideas and information to its target audience or recipient, to begin the process.

A

message

122
Q

in rhetorical and communication studies is the information expressed through the use of: (a) words, either in written or spoken form; and/or (b) additional signs and symbols (Nordquist, 2017)

A

message

123
Q

These messages are meant to provide information and facts. The message must be extremely concise, easy to understand, and clear. Imagine a teacher outlining a lesson or announcement of the Gender and Development (GAD) policies in Caraga State University (CSU)

A

informative messages

124
Q

These messages aim to persuade the recipient of a specific point of view or course of action. It should have a clear, measurable goal that can be observed. Both a politician making a campaign speech and an endorser enticing consumers.

A

persuasive messages

125
Q

These messages focus on sharing feelings and emotions. A heartfelt conversation with a loved one or a social media post expressing frustration are examples of expressive messages.

A

expressive messages

125
Q

In the workplace, goodwill messages are used to show compassion, generosity, and responsiveness. Congratulations, thank-you notes, or encouraging remarks are a few instances of good.

A

Goodwill messages

126
Q

to convey an idea, concept, information, thought, or emotion to a receiver.

A

purpose of sending a message

127
Q

understanding the audience is knowing the audience’s background helps tailor the message to their needs, ensuring they can comprehend the materials (Writing letters, books, or scholarly materials)

A

Kranz (2007)

128
Q

provides a foundation for understanding mass media content, techniques, and their impact. It aids in creating media texts for various purposes, including written, spoken, and visual media. Agustin et al (2018) illustrate a table for obtaining text messages.

A

media literacy framework

129
Q
A

Purposive Communication (1 decks)

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