Quiz 1 Flashcards
Standard Precautions and Patient interactions
What are nosocomial infections? Give an example
Nosocomial infections:
Infections acquired in a
hospital
ex: UTI, C-diff, pneumonia
What is a pathogen?
Disease producing
microorganism
Pathogen: Agent
responsible for causing
infections:
* bacteria
* fungi
* viruses
* yeast
An organism’s ability to produce disease depends on?
of organisms
- virulence
- Competence of immune
system - length & intimacy of
contact
What are potential points of escapes for organisms to leave a host?
There is a primary route for each organism
* respiratory
* GI
* GU
* blood/tissue
* Organism has to leave source to infect something
What is the difference between direct contact, indirect contact and droplet contact?
Direct Contact: Physical
transfer of pathogens
directly from one person
to another.
* Can occur with activities
that recquire physical
contact
* Ie: Turning, bathing or
transferring a patient
* Bloodborne pathogen:
Terminology used when
infected source is blood
Indirect Contact
* Transmission involves
intermediate step
* Unaffected person comes
into contact with pathogen
contaminated person
passes pathogen to
another person by touching
them.
* Ex: Toys shared by groups
of children without being
cleaned b/t uses
Droplet transmission
* Large pathogenic
droplets coming into
contact with hosts
mucous membranes of
nose/mouth
* Generated by: coughing,
sneezing, or talking
* Large size droplets can
travel small distances (3 ft)
* Examples: meningitis,
pertussis
What is the difference between a clean technique and a sterile technique?
Clean Technique: Effort to reduce number of infectious
organisms in the clinical setting
* Sterile Technique: Specialized process that eliminates
pathogens from all surfaces
How long should you wash your hands prior to treating a patient and for how long?
15-60 SECONDS
if you are treating a patient with an airborne transmission what type of PPE is needed to be
worn by the health care professional and why?
Face mask/respirator
(Gloves not
specifically needed
for transmission
code but SP should
followed)
List 4 types of bias that a clinician can have which may influence how they treat/interact with a
patient.
Race/ethnicity
* Gender
* Ageism
* HIV/AIDS
* Mental Illness
* Obesity
* Substance abuse
* Disability
List 5 ways to have effective communication with a patient
Check to see if patient
wearing any communication
devices
* Speak clearly and concisely
(match voice volume with pt’s
needs
* Use terminology that pt
understands
* Use gestures/body language
that is consistent with your
words
Verify that concepts are
understood
* Avoid critical judgmental
statements
* Do NOT refer to pt’s by
their diagnosis
* Avoid overly familiar
communication
* Using derogatory,
pejorative, vulgar or
demeaning is always
inappropriate
in terms of communication and processing information, what occurs with the patient who is
demonstrating dementia? How should you adapt your communication style/strategies?
Dementia, TBI can require
up to 30 sec or more to
process and respond.
What symptoms may indicate caregiver stress?
Caregiver Stress
* Identifying stress (symptoms
may include)
* Boredom
* Frustration/anger
* Dissatisfaction with work
* Lower productivity
* HA, GI disturbances, chronic
fatigue
* Depersonalization/withdrawal
* Increased cynicism
* Decreased creativity
* Absenteeism
* Anxiety/depression
In terms of patient education, what are good examples of collaboratively working with a patient
for setting goals?
Match content/method to pt’s
age, knowledge base and
health status
* Learn pt’s preferred way of
learning
* Provide important information
in several formats
* Spoken, visual, active, written
* Pace information
* Engage patient physically and
cognitively
* Provide feedback
* Practice recall
* Encourage pt’s ? And
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