Quiz 1 Flashcards
“The practice, and teaching of and research in comprehensive preventative and therapeutic oral health care of children from birth through adolescence.”
Pediatric dentistry
Stages of early childhood:
________ 1. 0-2 months
________ 2. 2 months - 1 year
________ 3. 1 - 4 years
- Newborn
- Infant
- Toddler
______________ is the phase of life between childhood and adulthood, from ages 10 to 19.
Adolescence
A specialist in the field of dentistry dealing particularly with the oral health care of children, from infancy through the later teenage years.
Pediatric dentist / Pedodontist
It also deals with medically, emotionally and physically compromised patient.
Pediatric dentist / Pedodontist
Biologically, a ________ is anyone in the developmental stage of childhood, between infancy and adulthood.
Child
Children are different from adults in a number of ways:
- Children are individuals in growth and development
- physical
- psychological
- social
- cognitive
- emotional - Attitudes and behavior relating to oral health
- They are not able to foresee consequences of their own o decisions and behavior.
a specific insight into the dental and oral health for the child and adolescent
Child competency
an ability to communicate effectively with children, adolescents, and their parents
Child competency
a positive professional attitude towards children, adolescents, and their parents.
Child competency
Objectives of Pediatric Dentistry:
• Giving comfort, relieving pain, removing infection and restoring functions
• Alleviating fear and anxiety and modifying the child’s behavior
• Promoting oral health by prevention and education
• To develop a positive attitude and behavior towards oral health
• Implement the principles of preventive dentistry from birth
• Parental guidance and counseling regarding different facets of preventive dentistry and treatment modalities
• Early diagnosis of the diseases and treatment
• Managing children with special needs (physically, mentally, and medically)
Fields of Pediatric Dentistry:
- Preventive dentistry
- Operative dentistry
- Endodontics
- Prosthodontics
- Surgery
• Diet
• Oral hygiene
• Fluoride application
• Pits and Fissure Sealants
• Sports appliance
• Oral/Facial Development
Preventive dentistry
• Restoration
-Filling materials - amalgam & composite
Operative dentistry
-Pulpal
Pulpotomy
Pulpectomy
Endodontics
-Strip of Crown (SOC)
-Stainless steel Crown (SSC)
-Removable Partial Denture
-Complete denture
Prosthodontics
RESPONSIBILITIES OF PEDIATRIC DENTIST:
- Manage and treat the average child patient with confidence
- Promote positive and compliant behaviour in the child patients
- Prevent & manage caries & periodontal disease in children
- Monitor child’s developing occlusion
- Identify & manage dental infection / anomalies affecting children
- Manage trauma affecting primary & young permanent teeth
• establish good rapport
• fix appointments
• keep them well informed
• OH education to promote home care
Communication
Parent’s responsibility towards behavior of the child
Conditioning of the child towards the treatment in terms of the following state:
• Emotional status of the child
• Psychological behavior of the child
• Mental capability of the child
Extremes of Parental
Behavior
• Overprotection
• Rejection
• Overanxiety
• Domination
• over identification
Exaggeration of love affection.
Overprotection
It may manifest as;
- extreme dominance
- extreme indulgence
Overprotection
• Shy
• Delicate
• Submissive
• Fearful
NOTE: This may affect the initiative decision- making
Characteristic of a child with overprotective parent
Over protective as a pediatric patient:
• Ideal patient
• Obedient
• Polite
• Responsive
• Constantly criticized
• Nagged
Rejection
• Tormented with overt displays of displeasure
• Resistance to spending money on child.
Rejection
It may manifest as;
-delinquent child
Rejection
• Inferior and neglected
• Uncooperative
• Lack of love and affection
• Suspicious
• Aggressive
• Revengeful
• Disobedient
• Restless
Characteristics of a rejected child
As pediatric patient in dental clinic:
• Difficult to control
• Demanding
• Misbehaves to call attention
Rejection
-this is a result of some previous tragedy following:
• Accident
• Illness
Overanxiety
As pediatric patient in dental clinic patient:
• There is difficulty overcoming their fears
• They need more encouragement
• Timid, fearful and shy
Overanxiety
Parents exemplify demand excessive responsibility which is incompatible to their chronological age
Domination
As pediatric patient in dental clinic patient:
• With kindness and consideration they may end up as good patient
Domination
If the child does not respond favorably, it will lead to disappointment
Over - identification
As pediatric patient:
They are handled as in domineering patient
Over - identification
Parental behavior in the dental office:
• Should have complete confidence in the dentist
• Should assume as a passive guest
• Should not speak to the dentist unless asked to do so
• Should not give misinformation or extending sympathy
It is a care directed toward communication and education of the pediatric patient.
Behavioral Management in
Pediatric Dentistry
Goals
• Maintain communication
• Reduce fear
• Extinguish inappropriate behavior
• Elicit behavior consistent with the need for successful completion of dental treatment
Behavioral Management in
Pediatric Dentistry
It means by which dental health team effectively and efficiently performs treatment for a child and, at the same time, instills a positive dental attitude
Behavior management
Centers on the attitude and integrity of the entire dental team
Behavior management
the way someone moves, functions, or reacts to a given situation or stimulus
Behavior
the way in which a person acts in response to a particular environment
Behavior
a study of science which helps to understand development of fear, anxiety and anger as it applies to child in the dental situations
Behavioral pediatric dentistry
a state of mental excitement characterized by physiological, behavioral changes and alterations of feelings
Emotion
an unpleasant emotion or effect consisting of psycho-physiological changes in response to realistic threat or danger to one’s own experience
Fear
Commonly seen emotions in a child
Fear
Anxiety
Phobia
Anger
Cry
a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or somethin with an uncertain outcome
Anxiety
Types of anxiety
Trait
Free floating
Situational
General
temperament, jittery, hypersensitive to stimuli
Trait anxiety
seen on specific situations or objects
Situational anxiety
persistently anxious mode
Free floating anxiety
chronic pervasive feeling of anxiousness whatever the externa circumstances
General anxiety
usually defined as a persistent fear of an object or situation in which the sufferer commits to great lengths in avoiding, typically disproportional to the actual danger posed, often being recognized as irrational
Phobia
an emotion characterized by antagonism toward someone or something you feel has deliberately done you wrong.
Anger
is the shedding of tears in response to an emotional state.
Cry
Types of cry
Obstinate
Frightened
Hurt
Compensatory
shows temper tantrum to dental treatment, loud & high pitched, siren like wail, represents child’s external responses to anxiety
Obstinate cry
Accompanied by torrent tears, convulsive breath-catching sobs, they are over-whelmed by situation
Frightened cry
Loud , cries more frequently accompanied by whimper, initially shows a single tears from the corner of eye without making any sound or resistances treatment procedure
Hurt cry
Not a cry at all, sound that child male to drown out noise, cry is slow, monotone, sort of coping mechanism to unpleasant stimuli
Compensatory cry
Not a cry at all, sound that child male to drown out noise, cry is slow, monotone, sort of coping mechanism to unpleasant stimuli
Compensatory cry
Influencing children’s dental behavior
- Parental (maternal) anxiety
- Medical history
- Awareness of dental problems
form of anxiety manifested on the child by the mother towards the dental treatment
Parental (maternal) anxiety
an experience base on the past medical related visits which is translated during the dental visit
Medical history
understanding the dental need for treatment with existing dental problem
Awareness of dental problems
