quiz 1 Flashcards
The most superior segment of the upper limb is called the __________.
digits
carpal region
manual region
brachial region
antebrachial region
brachial region
Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?
Exocytosis
An antiport system
Pinocytosis
Simple diffusion
Active transport
pinocytosis
The urinary bladder is located in the __________ region.
hypochondriac
umbilical
hypogastric
epigastric
inguinal
hypogastric
The sodium-potassium (Na+-K+) pump transports both sodium and potassium __________ their concentration gradients in a process called __________.
up; active transport
down; countertransport
up; facilitated transport
down; active transport
up; cotransport
up; active transport
Most human cells range from 10 to 15 micrometers in diameter. What limits how large a cell can get?
The relationship between the cell’s volume and length
The nutrients available in the environment
The relationship between the cell’s length and surface area
The relationship between the cell’s volume and surface area
The cell’s lifespan
The relationship between the cell’s volume and surface area
Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If solution A has a higher concentration of a nonpermeating solute than solution B, then __________.
the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A
the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B
water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B
neither the solute nor water will diffuse
water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A
water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A
Which organelle is most active in causing programmed cell death?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosome
Nucleus
Centriole
Mitochondrion
lysosome
During exercise, one generates excess heat and the body temperature rises. As a response, blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the body surface, and heat is lost. This is an example of __________.
set point adjustment
negative feedback
dynamic equilibrium
positive feedback
integration control
negative feedback
The plane that passes vertically through the body or an organ and divides it into anterior and posterior portions is called the __________ plane.
sagittal
oblique
frontal
median
transverse
frontal
The visceral pericardium is __________ to the parietal pericardium.
superficial
anterior
deep
medial
lateral
deep
Which one of the following is not in the correct anatomical position?
Standing upright
Arms at sides
Face and eyes facing forward
Feet flat on the floor
Palms facing hips
palms facing hips
We live in an ever-changing environment outside of our body, yet our internal conditions remain relatively stable. This is called __________.
responsiveness
metastasis
homeostasis
adaptation
evolution
homeostasis
What are the three common components of a feedback loop?
Receptor, integrating (control) center, and effector
Stimulus, integrating (control) center, and organ system
Receptor, integrating (control) center, and organ system
Receptor, organ, and organ system
Stimulus, receptor, and integrating (control) center
Receptor, integrating (control) center, and effector
Most of the stomach is located in the _________ of the abdomen.
left middle quadrant (LMQ)
right upper quadrant (RUQ)
right lower quadrant (RLQ)
left lower quadrant (LLQ)
left upper quadrant (LUQ)
left upper quadrant (LUQ)
The ______ wraps around the stomach, small intestine, and parts of the large intestine.
visceral peritoneum
meninges
pericardium
parietal peritoneum
pleura
visceral peritoneum
In the glycocalyx, __________ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells.
cholesterol molecules
lipoproteins
phospholipids
cell-adhesion molecules
glycoproteins
glycoproteins
__________ play an important role in cell division, and are made of __________.
Nucleoli; microfilaments
Ribosomes; intermediate filaments
Mitochondria; microtubules
Centrioles; microtubules
Inclusions; centrosomes
Centrioles; microtubules
White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of __________.
cotransport
active transport
phagocytosis
receptor-mediated endocytosis
pinocytosis
phagocytosis
Which of the following organelles is not involved in protein synthesis?
The Golgi complex
The nucleus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Ribosomes
Smooth ER
Negative feedback loops are __________.
not homeostatic mechanisms
usually harmful
associated with “vicious circles”
homeostatic mechanisms
self-amplifying cycles
homeostatic mechanisms
In its second-messenger role, cAMP activates enzymes called _________, whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.
peripheral proteins
blockers
kinases
transmembrane proteins
glycocalyx
kinases
A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is __________ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid, and will cause the cell to __________.
lower; swell
lower; shrink
higher; shrink
lower; burst
higher; swell
higher; shrink
Which of the following decomposes fatty acids, and detoxifies alcohol, free radicals, and drugs?
Inclusions
Golgi vesicles
Peroxisomes
Microvilli
Lysosomes
peroxisomes
A protein that is bound to a carbohydrate is called a _________.
proteocalyx
lipoprotein
phospholipid
phosphoprotein
glycoprotein
glycoprotein
