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bio 150 2024 > quiz 1 > Flashcards

quiz 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The most superior segment of the upper limb is called the __________.
digits
carpal region
manual region
brachial region
antebrachial region

A

brachial region

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2
Q

Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?
Exocytosis
An antiport system
Pinocytosis
Simple diffusion
Active transport

A

pinocytosis

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3
Q

The urinary bladder is located in the __________ region.
hypochondriac
umbilical
hypogastric
epigastric
inguinal

A

hypogastric

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4
Q

The sodium-potassium (Na+-K+) pump transports both sodium and potassium __________ their concentration gradients in a process called __________.
up; active transport
down; countertransport
up; facilitated transport
down; active transport
up; cotransport

A

up; active transport

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5
Q

Most human cells range from 10 to 15 micrometers in diameter. What limits how large a cell can get?
The relationship between the cell’s volume and length
The nutrients available in the environment
The relationship between the cell’s length and surface area
The relationship between the cell’s volume and surface area
The cell’s lifespan

A

The relationship between the cell’s volume and surface area

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6
Q

Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If solution A has a higher concentration of a nonpermeating solute than solution B, then __________.
the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A
the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B
water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B
neither the solute nor water will diffuse
water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A

A

water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A

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7
Q

Which organelle is most active in causing programmed cell death?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosome
Nucleus
Centriole
Mitochondrion

A

lysosome

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8
Q

During exercise, one generates excess heat and the body temperature rises. As a response, blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the body surface, and heat is lost. This is an example of __________.
set point adjustment
negative feedback
dynamic equilibrium
positive feedback
integration control

A

negative feedback

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9
Q

The plane that passes vertically through the body or an organ and divides it into anterior and posterior portions is called the __________ plane.
sagittal
oblique
frontal
median
transverse

A

frontal

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10
Q

The visceral pericardium is __________ to the parietal pericardium.
superficial
anterior
deep
medial
lateral

A

deep

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11
Q

Which one of the following is not in the correct anatomical position?
Standing upright
Arms at sides
Face and eyes facing forward
Feet flat on the floor
Palms facing hips

A

palms facing hips

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12
Q

We live in an ever-changing environment outside of our body, yet our internal conditions remain relatively stable. This is called __________.
responsiveness
metastasis
homeostasis
adaptation
evolution

A

homeostasis

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13
Q

What are the three common components of a feedback loop?
Receptor, integrating (control) center, and effector
Stimulus, integrating (control) center, and organ system
Receptor, integrating (control) center, and organ system
Receptor, organ, and organ system
Stimulus, receptor, and integrating (control) center

A

Receptor, integrating (control) center, and effector

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14
Q

Most of the stomach is located in the _________ of the abdomen.
left middle quadrant (LMQ)
right upper quadrant (RUQ)
right lower quadrant (RLQ)
left lower quadrant (LLQ)
left upper quadrant (LUQ)

A

left upper quadrant (LUQ)

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15
Q

The ______ wraps around the stomach, small intestine, and parts of the large intestine.
visceral peritoneum
meninges
pericardium
parietal peritoneum
pleura

A

visceral peritoneum

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16
Q

In the glycocalyx, __________ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells.
cholesterol molecules
lipoproteins
phospholipids
cell-adhesion molecules
glycoproteins

A

glycoproteins

17
Q

__________ play an important role in cell division, and are made of __________.
Nucleoli; microfilaments
Ribosomes; intermediate filaments
Mitochondria; microtubules
Centrioles; microtubules
Inclusions; centrosomes

A

Centrioles; microtubules

18
Q

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of __________.
cotransport
active transport
phagocytosis
receptor-mediated endocytosis
pinocytosis

A

phagocytosis

19
Q

Which of the following organelles is not involved in protein synthesis?
The Golgi complex
The nucleus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Ribosomes

A

Smooth ER

20
Q

Negative feedback loops are __________.
not homeostatic mechanisms
usually harmful
associated with “vicious circles”
homeostatic mechanisms
self-amplifying cycles

A

homeostatic mechanisms

21
Q

In its second-messenger role, cAMP activates enzymes called _________, whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.
peripheral proteins
blockers
kinases
transmembrane proteins
glycocalyx

A

kinases

22
Q

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is __________ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid, and will cause the cell to __________.
lower; swell
lower; shrink
higher; shrink
lower; burst
higher; swell

A

higher; shrink

23
Q

Which of the following decomposes fatty acids, and detoxifies alcohol, free radicals, and drugs?
Inclusions
Golgi vesicles
Peroxisomes
Microvilli
Lysosomes

A

peroxisomes

24
Q

A protein that is bound to a carbohydrate is called a _________.
proteocalyx
lipoprotein
phospholipid
phosphoprotein
glycoprotein

A

glycoprotein

25
Q

Which of the following lists examples of body structures from thesimplest to the most complex?
Protein, stomach, connective tissue, adipocyte (fat cell), mitochondrion
Protein, mitochondrion, adipocyte (fat cell), connective tissue, stomach
Mitochondrion, connective tissue, protein, stomach, adipocyte (fat cell)
Protein, adipocyte (fat cell), stomach, connective tissue, mitochondrion
Mitochondrion, connective tissue, stomach, protein, adipocyte (fat cell)

A

Protein, mitochondrion, adipocyte (fat cell), connective tissue, stomach

26
Q

Most transmembrane proteins have ___________ regions facing the intra- and extracellular fluid, and __________ regions embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.
hydrophilic; hydrophilic
hydrophobic; hydrophobic
lipophilic; lipophobic
hydrophilic; hydrophobic
hydrophobic; hydrophilic

A

hydrophilic; hydrophobic

27
Q

__________ provide motility to a sperm cell, __________ act as sensory “antennae” in many cells, and ____________ increase a cell’s surface area.
Microvilli; flagella; cilia
Flagella; cilia; microvilli
Cilia; microvilli; flagella
Flagella; microvilli; cilia
Microvilli; cilia; flagella

A

Flagella; cilia; microvilli

28
Q

When a woman is giving birth, the head of the baby pushes against her cervix and stimulates the release of the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin travels in the blood and stimulates the uterus to contract. Labor contractions become more and more intense until the baby is expelled. This is an example of __________.
set point adjustment
negative feedback
dynamic equilibrium
positive feedback
integration control

A

positive feedback

29
Q

Which of these is the best imaging technique for routinely examining the anatomical development of a fetus?
MRI
PET scan
Sonography
Auscultation
Radiography

A

sonography

30
Q

The __________ cavity is inferior to the _____________ cavity.
thoracic; peritoneal
thoracic; cranial
thoracic; abdominopelvic
cranial; thoracic
pericardial; pleural

A

thoracic; crania

31
Q

Feeling structures with your fingertips is called __________, whereas tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities is called __________.
palpation; auscultation
percussion; palpation
palpation; percussion
percussion; auscultation
auscultation; percussion

A

palpation; percussion

32
Q

Blood glucose concentration rises after a meal and stimulates the pancreas to release the hormone insulin. Insulin travels in the blood and stimulates the uptake of glucose by body cells from the bloodstream, thus reducing blood glucose concentration. This is an example of _________.
negative feedback
integration control
set point adjustment
positive feedback
dynamic equilibrium

A

negative feedback

33
Q

__________ synthesize(s) carbohydrates and put(s) finishing touches on proteins synthesized at __________.
Smooth ER; the Golgi complex
The Golgi complex; smooth ER
Ribosomes; smooth ER
Smooth ER; rough ER
The Golgi complex; rough ER

A

The Golgi complex; rough ER

34
Q

The brain and spinal cord are protected by the _________.
serosa
pericardium
meninges
peritoneum
pleura

A

meninges

35
Q

Which of these is an example of active transport?
The transport of glucose down its concentration gradient
The diffusion of oxygen from a place of high concentration to a place of lower concentration
The transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration
The transport of Cl- following its concentration gradient
The facilitated diffusion of K+

A

The transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration

bio 150 2024 (1 decks)

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