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CLT 1100 Quiz > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How should you master a language?

A

Must speak with native speakers to pick up the way the language is actually used and practice emulating it

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2
Q

Where in Scotland is the prof from?

A

Isles of Tiree (Tioradh) and Islay (Ìle), part of Scotland’s Inner Hebridean Islands

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3
Q

What family of languages does Scottish Gàidhlig belong to?

A

Goidelic Celtic languages

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4
Q

What languages is Scottish Gàidhlig closely related to in features?

A

Irish Gaeilge and Manx Gaelg

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5
Q

What kind of language is Scottish Gàidhlig?

A

Case based language

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6
Q

How many cases do nouns/pronouns have?

A

Normative, vocative, genitive and dative

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7
Q

Which two verbs correspond to the verb to be?

A

Bi and Is

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8
Q

When is bi used?

A

Normally used to join a noun to an adjective (ex: I am sick) or to describe the action of a verbal noun (ex: they are running)

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9
Q

When is is used?

A

Tells who or what someone is (ex: I am a student)

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10
Q

How many letters does Scottish Gàidhlig have?

A

18

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11
Q

How many vowels does Scottish Gàidhlig have?

A

5

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12
Q

What are the vowels in Scottish Gàidhlig?

A

A, E, I, O, U

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13
Q

How many slender vowels are there?

A

2

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14
Q

What are the slender vowels?

A

E and I

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15
Q

How many broad vowels are there?

A

3

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16
Q

What are the broad vowels?

A

A, O and U

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17
Q

What does adding a grave accent do to a vowel?

A

The sound of the vowel can be lengthened

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18
Q

What is slender in Scottish Gàidhlig?

A

Caol

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19
Q

What is broad in Scottish Gàidhlig?

A

Leathann

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20
Q

What is the spelling rule related to slender and broad vowels?

A

Slender to slender and broad to broad

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21
Q

How many letters are consonants?

A

13

22
Q

What are the consonants?

A

B, C, D, F, G, H, L, M, N, P, R, S and T

23
Q

What does lenition and slenderization do?

A

Two features that give Gàidhlig many unique sounds, used to soften sounds that may otherwise be harsh, help language flow

24
Q

What is lenition?

A

Uses the letter H and follows the first consonant of a noun depending on which of the four cases you are applying, lenition of a noun makes it sound softer and flow more musically

25
Q

Can all consonants be lenited?

A

No

26
Q

What is the mnemonic for remembering lenition?

A

B (ig)
C (reamy)
F (luffy)
G (igantic)
M (ashed)
P (otatoes)

27
Q

Words beginning with which consonants often lenite?

A

D, T and S but there are exceptions

28
Q

Words beginning with what consonants never lenite?

A

Sg, Sm, Sp and St

29
Q

What is slenderization?

A

Important feature of Scottish Gàidhlig, seen often, slender from often changes the end of words, slenderized by inserting an i before the last consonant or group of consonants, the i before the a final consonant causes the letter/word to be pronounced differently, process only occurs at the end of the word, used to form the plural form of some nouns

30
Q

Feature of slenderization?

A

Adding i after the a, reminder of our slender to slender rule

31
Q

Are male names lenited and slenderized?

A

Yes, when possible

32
Q

Are female names lenited and slenderized?

A

Only lenited when possible

33
Q

Names beginning with which consonants restrain their original form?

A

L, n, or r

34
Q

What is dropped when addressing someone’s name begins with a vowel?

A

A

35
Q

How can broad vowels be slenderized?

A

The addition of an i after the broad vowel (when applicable)

36
Q

What is indefinite a?

A

There is no indefinite article, so the notion of the requirement for using a is implied and doesn’t need a word to represent it

37
Q

What is definite the?

A

a’ is used in front of feminine nouns beginning with the consonants b, c, g, m, and p, which are then lenited
an and am used in front of nouns beginning with b, F, m, p or in front of masculine nouns
a’ and an t- used in normative singular case, but can also appear in other cases

38
Q

Gender of words?

A

All nouns are either feminine or masculine
When exchanging a masculine noun for one as in another one - fear
When exchanging a feminine noun for a as in another one - tè

39
Q

Do indefinite articles include prefixes or lenition?

A

No, indefinite articles do not include the a’, am, an prefix or the resulting lenition of the noun that follows

40
Q

How are final vowels in a word slenderized?

A

A=ui
Ea=I
Ea=ei
Ia=èi
Ò=ùi
Eu=eòi
Io=i (rare after language standardization

41
Q

Adjective agreement in Gaelic?

A

Adjectives in Gaelic vary according to gender and case in the singular
In the plural, the same form is used for both masculine and feminine genders in all cases (although it might be lenited depending on the context)
Adjectives normally follow the noun they modify, and agree with it in gender, number and case

42
Q

Dative singular of masculine nouns?

A

The lenition g effect of a preceding definite article can be seen on both the noun and the following adjective

43
Q

Do adjectives that precede the noun cause lenition?

A

Generally yes but there’s only a small number of them

44
Q

Is Gaelic a case based language?

A

Yes

45
Q

What is a case?

A

Situation when feminine and masculine nouns are affected differently by the types of sentences and context they are used in

46
Q

How many cases does Scottish Gàidhlig have?

A

4

47
Q

What are the cases in Scottish Gàidhlig?

A

Nominative, vocative, dative and genitive

48
Q

When is nominative case used?

A

Subjects and direct objects of sentences

49
Q

When is vocative case used?

A

When addressing someone

50
Q

When is dative case used?

A

Object of prepositions

CLT 1100 Quiz (1 decks)

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