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Syntax > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

categories, subcategories, universal grammar, catergorical grammar, languages in data of we learned

1
Q

Universal Grammar

A

Chomsky proposed that a structure - building mechanism is somehow innate to humans

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2
Q

What is Universal Grammar?

A

The basic programming languae that children use to encode linguistic structure

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3
Q

All human beings are born with the ability to ‘write’ in what programming language?

A

Universal Grammar

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4
Q

A theory of syntax must start with what?

A

A theory of categories

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5
Q

Syntactic categories =?

A

“part of speech”

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6
Q

What are the four ‘traditional’ lexical categories?

A

nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs

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7
Q

What are the three kinds of evidence for distributional categories?

A

derivational morphology, inflectional morphology, and syntactic distribution

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8
Q

derivational morphology

A

morphology that creates new words (typically from other words)

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9
Q

Certain types of derivational morphology are what to certain syntactic categories?

A

reliable indicator

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10
Q

What connection does derivational morphology have with syntactic categories?

A

it provides evidence that morphology and syntax care about the same categories

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11
Q

Infectional morphology

A

is restricted to words of a certain category

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12
Q

What are some inflections?

A

nouns, verbs, adjectives

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13
Q

Nouns

A

mark a gender and plural distinction

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14
Q

Verbs

A

tense and subject agreement

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15
Q

Adjectives

A

mark gender and numbers

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16
Q

Syntactic distribution

A

co-occurence and orderly restrictions between words of different categories

17
Q

Synatctic distribution nouns may occur:

A
  1. immediately following a nunmber
  2. immediately following a determiner (the)
  3. immediately before an adjective
  4. immediately before an auxiliary
18
Q

Syntactic distribution verbs may occur:

A
  1. immediately following negation (no)
  2. immediately following auxiliary
  3. immediately preceding a noun phrase
19
Q

Semantic theory for categories

A

nouns + adjectives: tend to describe people and objects
verbs + adverbs: tend to describe state and events

20
Q

Categories are what to syntactic theory?

A

a basic component

21
Q

Functional category=

A

determiner

22
Q

lexical categories are open..

A

new additons are possibe and constantly occurring

23
Q

functional categories are closed

A

new additions are rare

24
Q

What are functional categories?

A

determiners, tense, prepostion, conjunction, and complementizer

Syntax (4 decks)

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