Quiz 1 Flashcards by Kaitlyn Jarrett

What is matter

mass and volume
our atmosphere is made of matter

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what is ISA

a standard reference
standard atmospheric pressure

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Height of the topopause

36,090 feet ISA

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atmospheric composition

78 - nitrogen
21 - oxygen
1 - other

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Where does the energy in our atmosphere go

19 - is absorbed by atmosphere
51 - is absorbed at the surface
30 - is reflected back into space

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what happens to our density as temperature lowers

density increases

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what is convection

circulation of warm and cool air as it cools it sinks as it warms it rises

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how many NM of earth is equal to 1 degree

60 NM

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what is a pressure gradient

pressure change/distance

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What is considered a ceiling

broken
overcast
VV (vertical visibility)

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What sky conditions are not considered a ceiling

scattered
few

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what is the max height of a thunderstorm

26000-33000
could go higher if there is enough moisture/water vapor and vertical lift

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what typically occurs at a Midwest airfield immediately or soon after the passage of a surface cold front

there is a marked shift in direction of surface winds
there is an increase in the speed of surface winds
there is a decrease in the surface dew point temperature
there is a decrease in surface temperature
there is an increase in surface pressure

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which way does the Coriolis effect deflect in the northern hemisphere

right

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which way does the Coriolis effect deflect in the southern hemisphere

left

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what strength does the Coriolis effect have in polar regions

maximum

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what strength does the coriolis effect have on equator

Nil

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relative humidity is

actual amount of moisture / maximum amount of moisture

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Dew point definitions

temperature at which air becomes saturated
relative humidity = 100 percent

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precipitation definition

droplets grow until rising air is unable to support
liquid or solid

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what is atmospheric stability

resistance to vertical motion

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which gas is more prevalent in the atmosphere

nitrogen

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which is the lowest layer in the atmosphere

Troposphere

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Atmposheric pressure is caused by

uneven heating of the earth’s atmosphere

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which method is the least important in hating the earth's atmosphere

absorption of the sun's radiation

wind speed can be determined by

spacing of isobars

coriolis force is greatest

at the poles

30 degree latitude is a region of generally

high pressure

frost is an example of

condensation then freezing

different types of fog

radiation upslope advection precipitation-induced steam

radiation fog

moist air over a cooling surface

advection fog

warm moist air moving over a cooler surface

up slope fog

moist stable air moving up a slope

steam fog

cold dry air moving over warmer water

precipitation-induced fog

warm rain evaporating into cooling air

what is a front

a boundary zone between air masses

requirements for a thunderstorm

high moisture content unstable air lifting action

what causes turbulence

a rapid change in wind direction can be horizontal and vertical

effects of icing

reduced thrust decreased lift increased drag increased weight

freezing rain or drizzle

rapid accumulation of clear ice above freezing temperature aloft

wind shear

a chenge in wind speed and or direction also includes updraft and downdrafts generally though of as changing within a short time or in a small distance

clouds are classified by

height and general appearance

which types of fog can only form over land

upslope and radiation

three conditions needed for thunderstorm development

unstable air, lifting action, sufficient moisture

mountain wave turbulence is formed by

stable air blowing perpendicular to a mountain ridge

ACSL clouds indicate the presence of

mountain wave turbulence

turbulence caused by an inversion is usually located

at night at low levels over land

icing is caused by

super cooled water droplets freezing on an aircraft

which condition would cause the worst icing situation?

flying through rain at -2C

advection fog requires

warm, moist air moving over colder surfaces

a front is defined as a

a boundary between two different air masses

when an air mass moves from its source region, it will

begin to modify

a fast moving cold front generally has

a narrow band of severe weather

what type of thunderstorm is more severe

steady state

the jet streams flow generally from west to east in the northern hemisphere and from east to west in the southern hemisphere. this is because the coriolis force acts in opposite directions among the two hemispheres

in the US midwest during january, where would surface freezing rain and low-altitude aircraft icing be the most likely the most widespread and severe

just north of a surface warm front eh extends eastward out of a low pressure center

surface based and aircraft-based weather radar using doppler technology can normally determine which of the following

precipitation intensity of precipitation the relative motion/direction of the precipitation particles with respect to the location of the radar, thereby giving information regarding the wind speeds and directions what type of precipitation

during an evening in early january, what type of satellite imagery is most likely to be the most effective in distinguishing between cloud cover and snow cover in northern Indiana and michigan

looped visible imagery from a geostationary satellite

what is geostationary

satellite that orbits at the same speed as the earth - sits over the same spot all the time

what is looped

frames per minute over time creates a video

polar-orbiting satellites

provide temperature and moisture data

highest resolution imagery available

.5 killometers

what is meteorology

the study of the atmospheric processes and phenomena that create weather

what is weather

the condition of the atmosphere at a particular location and moment

what is the fundamental cause of weather on earth

the sun's energy distributed unevenly across a spinning and tilted earth with an atmosphere, oceans, and variable topography

for the earths orbit around the sun and the suns energy distribution across the earth, what is unique about Jan 4 and July 4? What are the implications

earth is closes to the Sun on January 4 (greatest energy absorbed) and furthest from the Sun on July 4th

which 4 constituents are most relevant to avition

N2 O2 H2O O3

How would you define atmospheric pressure to a family member

it is like a fish tank

what are the units of measure for pressure in meteorology and aviation

millibars and hectopascal

for every 1000 feet how much mercury is lost

1 inch

what is atmospheric pressure

atmospheric pressure at any point represents the force per unit area exerted at that point by the weight of the atmosphere from that point to the top of the atmosphere

a temperature of 50 degrees F is equal to what

10 degrees C