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Weather > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is matter

A

mass and volume
our atmosphere is made of matter

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2
Q

what is ISA

A

a standard reference
standard atmospheric pressure

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3
Q

Height of the topopause

A

36,090 feet ISA

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4
Q

atmospheric composition

A

78 - nitrogen
21 - oxygen
1 - other

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5
Q

Where does the energy in our atmosphere go

A

19 - is absorbed by atmosphere
51 - is absorbed at the surface
30 - is reflected back into space

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6
Q

what happens to our density as temperature lowers

A

density increases

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7
Q

what is convection

A

circulation of warm and cool air as it cools it sinks as it warms it rises

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8
Q

how many NM of earth is equal to 1 degree

A

60 NM

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9
Q

what is a pressure gradient

A

pressure change/distance

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10
Q

What is considered a ceiling

A

broken
overcast
VV (vertical visibility)

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11
Q

What sky conditions are not considered a ceiling

A

scattered
few

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12
Q

what is the max height of a thunderstorm

A

26000-33000
could go higher if there is enough moisture/water vapor and vertical lift

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13
Q

what typically occurs at a Midwest airfield immediately or soon after the passage of a surface cold front

A

there is a marked shift in direction of surface winds
there is an increase in the speed of surface winds
there is a decrease in the surface dew point temperature
there is a decrease in surface temperature
there is an increase in surface pressure

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14
Q

which way does the Coriolis effect deflect in the northern hemisphere

A

right

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15
Q

which way does the Coriolis effect deflect in the southern hemisphere

A

left

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16
Q

what strength does the Coriolis effect have in polar regions

A

maximum

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17
Q

what strength does the coriolis effect have on equator

A

Nil

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18
Q

relative humidity is

A

actual amount of moisture / maximum amount of moisture

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19
Q

Dew point definitions

A

temperature at which air becomes saturated
relative humidity = 100 percent

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20
Q

precipitation definition

A

droplets grow until rising air is unable to support
liquid or solid

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21
Q

what is atmospheric stability

A

resistance to vertical motion

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22
Q

which gas is more prevalent in the atmosphere

A

nitrogen

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23
Q

which is the lowest layer in the atmosphere

A

Troposphere

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24
Q

Atmposheric pressure is caused by

A

uneven heating of the earth’s atmosphere

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25
Q

which method is the least important in hating the earth’s atmosphere

A

absorption of the sun’s radiation

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26
Q

wind speed can be determined by

A

spacing of isobars

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27
Q

coriolis force is greatest

A

at the poles

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28
Q

30 degree latitude is a region of generally

A

high pressure

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29
Q

frost is an example of

A

condensation then freezing

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30
Q

different types of fog

A

radiation
upslope
advection
precipitation-induced
steam

31
Q

radiation fog

A

moist air over a cooling surface

32
Q

advection fog

A

warm moist air moving over a cooler surface

33
Q

up slope fog

A

moist stable air moving up a slope

34
Q

steam fog

A

cold dry air moving over warmer water

35
Q

precipitation-induced fog

A

warm rain evaporating into cooling air

36
Q

what is a front

A

a boundary zone between air masses

37
Q

requirements for a thunderstorm

A

high moisture content
unstable air
lifting action

38
Q

what causes turbulence

A

a rapid change in wind direction
can be horizontal and vertical

39
Q

effects of icing

A

reduced thrust
decreased lift
increased drag
increased weight

40
Q

freezing rain or drizzle

A

rapid accumulation of clear ice
above freezing temperature aloft

41
Q

wind shear

A

a chenge in wind speed and or direction
also includes updraft and downdrafts
generally though of as changing within a short time or in a small distance

42
Q

clouds are classified by

A

height and general appearance

43
Q

which types of fog can only form over land

A

upslope and radiation

44
Q

three conditions needed for thunderstorm development

A

unstable air, lifting action, sufficient moisture

45
Q

mountain wave turbulence is formed by

A

stable air blowing perpendicular to a mountain ridge

46
Q

ACSL clouds indicate the presence of

A

mountain wave turbulence

47
Q

turbulence caused by an inversion is usually located

A

at night at low levels over land

48
Q

icing is caused by

A

super cooled water droplets freezing on an aircraft

49
Q

which condition would cause the worst icing situation?

A

flying through rain at -2C

50
Q

advection fog requires

A

warm, moist air moving over colder surfaces

51
Q

a front is defined as a

A

a boundary between two different air masses

52
Q

when an air mass moves from its source region, it will

A

begin to modify

53
Q

a fast moving cold front generally has

A

a narrow band of severe weather

54
Q

what type of thunderstorm is more severe

A

steady state

55
Q

the jet streams flow generally from west to east in the northern hemisphere and from east to west in the southern hemisphere. this is because the coriolis force acts in opposite directions among the two hemispheres

A
56
Q

in the US midwest during january, where would surface freezing rain and low-altitude aircraft icing be the most likely the most widespread and severe

A

just north of a surface warm front eh extends eastward out of a low pressure center

57
Q

surface based and aircraft-based weather radar using doppler technology can normally determine which of the following

A

precipitation
intensity of precipitation
the relative motion/direction of the precipitation particles with respect to the location of the radar, thereby giving information regarding the wind speeds and directions
what type of precipitation

58
Q

during an evening in early january, what type of satellite imagery is most likely to be the most effective in distinguishing between cloud cover and snow cover in northern Indiana and michigan

A

looped visible imagery from a geostationary satellite

59
Q

what is geostationary

A

satellite that orbits at the same speed as the earth - sits over the same spot all the time

60
Q

what is looped

A

frames per minute over time
creates a video

60
Q

polar-orbiting satellites

A

provide temperature and moisture data

61
Q

highest resolution imagery available

A

.5 killometers

62
Q

what is meteorology

A

the study of the atmospheric processes and phenomena that create weather

63
Q

what is weather

A

the condition of the atmosphere at a particular location and moment

64
Q

what is the fundamental cause of weather on earth

A

the sun’s energy distributed unevenly across a spinning and tilted earth with an atmosphere, oceans, and variable topography

65
Q

for the earths orbit around the sun and the suns energy distribution across the earth, what is unique about Jan 4 and July 4? What are the implications

A

earth is closes to the Sun on January 4 (greatest energy absorbed) and furthest from the Sun on July 4th

66
Q

which 4 constituents are most relevant to avition

A

N2
O2
H2O
O3

67
Q

How would you define atmospheric pressure to a family member

A

it is like a fish tank

68
Q

what are the units of measure for pressure in meteorology and aviation

A

millibars and hectopascal

69
Q

for every 1000 feet how much mercury is lost

A

1 inch

70
Q

what is atmospheric pressure

A

atmospheric pressure at any point represents the force per unit area exerted at that point by the weight of the atmosphere from that point to the top of the atmosphere

71
Q

a temperature of 50 degrees F is equal to what

A

10 degrees C

72
Q
A

Weather (3 decks)

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