Quiz 1

Question 1

List the 6 methods of tactical breaching

Answer 1

Manual, mechanical, ballistic/shotgun, exothermic/therma, explosive, surreptitious

Question 2

Define tactical breaching, and how that may apply to the use of explosives

Answer 2

Using the precise amount of explosives to gain entry

Question 3

Define what an explosion is

Answer 3

The process of a substance turning into a gaseous state

Question 4

List two catagories in which explosives are catagorized

Answer 4

High explosives, and low explosives

Question 5

What is the speed that distinguishes between “burning” and “detonation?”

Answer 5

1300 ft/sec

Question 6

What are the 3 rates of combustion

Answer 6

Ordinary, deflagration, detonation

Question 7

Of the three types of explosions, which one applies to explosive breaching

Answer 7

Detonation

Question 8

What three effects are produced as a result of the combustion process

Answer 8

Heat, light, release of gas

Question 9

Define an oxidize and it’s relationship with explosive compounds

Answer 9

oxidizers are added to explosives in order to support the detonation process or instantaneous combustion

Question 10

What is generally required for low explosives to detonate

Answer 10

Confinement

Question 11

What is generally required for a high explosive to detonate

Answer 11

A shock wave of considerable force

Question 12

What type of work effect is associated with low explosives

Answer 12

Pushing/heavy work effect

Question 13

What type of work effect is associated with high explosives

Answer 13

Shattering work effect (brisance)

Question 14

List the three work effects achieved when utilizing explosives for breaching operations

Answer 14

Blast, cut, push

Question 15

What is high order detonation

Answer 15

A complete detonation of an explosive at its highest possible velocity. The entire mass was consumed at the velocity normally expected

Question 16

What is a low order detonation

Answer 16

Either an incomplete detonation, or a complete detonation lower than its highest possible velocity

Question 17

What 5 factors cause low order detonation

Answer 17

1. Detonator of inadequate power
2. Insufficient contact between the detonator and explosive
3. Lack of continuity in the explosive (air gap)
4. Critical diameter less than required
5. Low density within the explosive column

Question 18

Define tamping and explain it’s application to tactical explosive breaching

Answer 18

A medium placed over the explosive, which will increase the work/push effect by sustaining the duration of the shock impulse

Question 19

Explain what is meant by reflective over pressure and how it relates to explosive breaching

Answer 19

This is created when blast pressure waves strike surfaces around the detonation point and reflect in different directions

Question 20

Give an example of how the diffracted loading process may affect the entry team stack

Answer 20

The leading edge of over pressure diffracts around an object in its path - like a ballistic shield

Question 21

Explain the definition of an explosive train

Answer 21

A series of arranged explosives to achieve a desired result

Question 22

A license to conduct blasting operations in the state of California is issued by

Answer 22

Cal-OSHA

Question 23

List two factors which determine damage and casualties from over pressure

Answer 23

?Distance and duration

Question 24

Whenever conflicts between federal, state, or local explosive regulations are encountered, which jurisdiction or agency authority must be adhered to

Answer 24

The more stringent one

Question 25

What PSI value has been determined to be the maximum a team with appropriate safety equipment should be exposed to

Answer 25

4 PSI

Question 26

How often must public safety agencies inspect their magazines for unlawful or attempted entry or theft, and under what section is this required

Answer 26

7 Days

ATF P 5400.7

Question 27

What three items of information (at a minimum) must be submitted to the local fire protection agency regarding explosive materials stored in their jurisdiction

Answer 27

Explosives permit
Magazine inventory
Magazine location

Question 28

Which type of magazine is authorized for temporary storage of explosives while attended

Answer 28

Type 3 magazine (day box)

Question 29

In the event of a blasting accident or unusual incident which may affect the safety of workers, a report must be forwarded to:

Answer 29

Cal-OSHA

Question 30

List the 3 basic effects of an explosion

Answer 30

Blast pressure
Fragmentation
Incindiary / thermal

Question 31

What is meant by the sensitivity of an explosive, and what are the two groups in which explosives are classified relative to their sensitivity

Answer 31

This refers to the amount of external force or effort required to cause detonation

Primary and secondary

Question 32

What are the four types of ancillary (secondary) effects from an explosion

Answer 32

Over pressure reflections
Diffracted loading
Ground/earth/water shock
Fumes