Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Aphasia > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Incidence

A

of newly diagnosed Cases per specified unit of time

likelynumber ofnewly diagnosed cases per specified unit of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Prevalence

A

Proportion of people that had/have the disorder at a particular time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Acquired neurogenic cognitive-linguistic disorders

A

Wide array of disorders of language caused by problems in the brain of a person who had previously acquired language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Aphasia is…

A
  1. Acquired
  2. Problem of circuitry more than etiology
  3. Lesion matters: site, size, location
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Are congenital disorders, AoS, language of generalized intellectual impairment, and dysarthria neurogenic cognitive linguistic disorders?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What 4 elements should be in a complete aphasia definition?

A

Acquired, language, neurological, multimodal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Modifiable risk factors

A

Poor diet
Lack of exercise
High stress
Smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Non-modifiable risk factors

A

Structural abnormalities in the blood supply
Hematological pathologies
Type 1 diabetes
Gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 layers of the meninges

A

Dura matter
Arachnoid matter
Pia matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Toxemia

A

Poisoning, irritation, or inflammation of nervous system tissue through exposure to harmful substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Neoplasm (tumor)

A

2 major types:
Malignant and benign

Etiologies: primary tumors result from uncontrolled growth of 2 types of cells
- glial and meningeal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a transient ischemic attack?

A

Temporary blockage of the blood supply to any area of the brain.
Usually lasts less than 30 minutes

Usually occurs before full blown stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Warning signs and causes of TIA?

A

Warning signs are the same as for stroke

Causes are a thrombus or an embolus, change in BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What % of strokes are ischemic?

A

80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What factors affect prognosis for recovery from stroke or TBI?

A

Etiology
Pre-onset characteristics
Present (post-onset) status
General positive and negative influences

For people w/ aphasia: Aphasia severity and type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is anoxia?

A

Lack of oxygen can cause generalized cortical loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Receptive/Fluent/Posterior aphasias

A

More difficulty with comprehension as opposed to production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Expressive/Non-fluent/Anterior aphasias

A

More difficultly with production as opposed to comprehension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

which term best conveys patient centered care?
Patient
Aphasic
Their name

A

Their name

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the components of health and functioning according to the WHO ICF?

A

Body structures & functions
activities and participation
environmental
personal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Etiologies of stroke

A

cerebral thrombosis, embolism, or hemorrhage
subarachnoid hemorrhage
transient ischemic attack
arterio-venous malformation (congenital)

the primary cause of stoke is atherosclerosis (buildup of matter within arteries)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How is the WHO ICF relevant to clinicians?

A

How is the WHO ICF relevant to clinicians?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Unidimensional framework of aphasia

A

All levels of language included as one cohesive set of abilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Multidimensional framework of aphasia

A

Recognizes varied forms/ syndromes of aphasia
Ties form of aphasia to site of lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Medical framework of aphasia

A

Considers aphasia at the IMPAIRMENT level
Assessment identifies deficits – Treatment design to reduce deficits

26
Q

Cognitive neuropsychological framework of aphasia

A

Based on models of mental representation and types and stages of information processing

Aphasia seen as a disruption in the processing required and that processing passes unidirectionally in stages.

27
Q

Biopsychosocial framework of aphasia

A

Attention to the complex interaction of multiple factors that constitute “disability” and affect health.

28
Q

Social framework of aphasia

A

Aphasia viewed as a social condition, not an individual’s impairment
Severity of aphasia, NOT a function of the level of cognitive-linguistic deficit, but influenced by the person’s communicative environment

29
Q

CAT scan

A

Quick results but poor resolution and unable to detect acute infarcts in the cerebrum or brain stem

30
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A

sensitive to acute injury (4-6 hours). Cannot be used with ferrous metal implants. Can induce claustrophobia

31
Q

Diffusion Weighted Imaging

A

can detect an infarct in 15-20 minutes but cannot be used with metal implants.

32
Q

functional MRI

A

indexing dynamic changes in blood flow related to O2 levels in the cerebral tissue. Useful for studying patterns of brain processing

33
Q

Cerebral angiography

A

uses a contrast medium and can visual the extent of cerebral blood flow problems.

34
Q

EEG

A

low-cost, non-invasive procedure for measuring brain waves

35
Q

electrocorticography

A

very invasive procedure that can delineate (map out) areas of function and non-function during surgical planning for tumors or epilepsy.

36
Q

What does BE FAST stand for ?

A

Balance loss
Eyesight changes

Face drooping
Arm Weakness
Speech difficulty
Time to call 911

37
Q

Which is most important between cultural competence, cultural responsiveness, and cultural humility? Why did you make that choice?

A

Cultural humility is recognizing that you will have a different set of beliefs, background, racial, gender, sexuality, etc. from your patient but knowing that when it comes to speaking with and treating your patient it is important to always take their culture into account

Cultural responsiveness is ensuring that your statements/responses to your patient are culturally sensitive to their beliefs, background, language, etc. This is also ensuring that your therapy with them is culturally sensitive as well.

Cultural competence is having a significant understanding of your patient’s (or anyone else’s) cultural background but does not necessarily include respecting it. It is purely a measurement of knowledge of the subject matter.

38
Q

Transcortical Motor aphasia

A

damage to the anterior watershed area of L frontal lobe

similar to Broca’s but repetition is intact

39
Q

Transcortical sensory aphasia

A

damage to angular gyrus (BA 39) posterior middle temporal gyrus (BA 37)

similar to Wernicke’s but repetition is intact

40
Q

Mixed transcortical aphasia

A

multi-focal lesions in the frontal /temporal watershed regions

similar to global aphasia but intact repetition

41
Q

Conduction aphasia

A

damage to arcuate fasciculus

impaired repetition; literal paraphasia

42
Q

Anomic aphasia

A
43
Q

Global aphasia

A

damage to planum temporale

combination of expressive and receptive language deficits in all modalities

44
Q

Broca’s aphasia

A

Damage to frontal operculum (BAs 44 and 45)

agrammatism; telegraphic speech; dysnomia; circumlocutions; literal paraphasia; effortful speech; catastrophic reaction; emotional lability

45
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia

A

damage to superior temporal lobe; BA 22

neologisms; paraphasias (literal, semantic); logorrhea; press of speech; anosognosia; verbal perseveration

46
Q

Places aphasiologists work?

A

Hospitals
Rehabilitation centers
Skilled nursing facilities
Long-term care facilities
Continuing care retirement communities
Home health agencies
Private practice clinics
Not-for-profit communication disorders clinics
Home health agencies
Aphasia centers

47
Q

primary progressive aphasia

A

The ongoing loss of language abilities in the face of relatively preserved cognitive abilities
Subtypes: semantic, logopenic, agrammatic (non-fluent)

48
Q

anomic aphasia

A

Word-finding difficulty; spared comprehension/syntactic production; circumlocutions; the use of generic terms; fillers

49
Q

crossed aphasia

A

Any form of aphasia that is due to damage to the right hemisphere instead of the left in a person who is right-handed

50
Q

subcortical aphasia

A

Any form of aphasia that is associated with a lesion below the cortex
Lesion sites: thalamus; basal ganglia; cerebellum; internal capsule

51
Q

What do SLPs specializing in neurogenic communication disorders do?

A

teaching and mentoring
clinical intervention
interprofessional collaboration
advocacy
business-related responsibilities
leadership and management
research

52
Q

multidisciplinary team

A

Each team member represents his/her own expertise and confers with other team members regularly about discipline-specific and general rehab goals

53
Q

interdisciplinary team

A

Greater communication across team members, high degree of collaborative decision making about strategies for working together to achieve optimal outcomes for overall health and wellbeing

54
Q

transdisciplinary team

A

Further cross-training of team members; lines clearly demarcating expertise of one discipline’s scope of practice may be blurred

55
Q

how do SLPs get paid?

A

salary
hourly rate for all services
hourly for billable services
pre diem (daily)
specified amount per unit of time
privately

56
Q

What makes services reimbursable?

A

Effective documentation

A physician’s order

Pre-authorization for services by the third-party payer

Evidence services are covered by the plan

Evidence of need for skilled services

Confirmation the methods used are evidence-based

Documentation of the life-impacting nature of services

Evidence of treatment progress

Good relationships with decision makers at third-party payer agencies

57
Q

law

A

Law consists of locally, regionally, or nationally adopted rules and principles about rights, equality, fairness, and involves the balancing of varied interest

58
Q

morality

A

Morality consists of subjective judgment of what conduct and consequences are good and bad
Moral principles include:
Respect for people, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Justice

59
Q

ethics

A

Ethics is subjective decision-making about what is right or wrong, what our obligations to other are, and what is appropriate

60
Q

What global trends are affecting the incidence and prevalence of neurogenic communication disorders?

A

Rapidly expanding aging population

Demographic shifts

Increasing incidence and prevalence of conditions that cause neurogenic communication disorders

Health-care and prevention infrastructure challenges

Global health priorities

61
Q

what are the purposes of assessment?

A

Supporting initial and ongoing intervention

Contributing to the diagnostic process

Indexing and describing declining abilities

Indexing and describing the various impacts of language and related cognitive impairments

Helping inform prognosis

Planning intervention with substantial patient and family input

Measuring, describing, and documenting baselines and progress during treatment

Justifying treatment to payors

Determining when a person has met goals

Collecting data to document clinical outcomes

Aphasia (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions