Quiz 1

Question 1

1st major step toward computer networking

Answer 1

• Kleinrock published first paper on packet switching
• First recorded description of social interactions enabled thru networking was in a series of memos. “Galactic network” concept.

Question 2

Most important invention that fueled the internet

Answer 2

• Packet/circuit switching

Question 3

What made packet switching so important

Answer 3

• Multiple users to send and receive info w out waiting for circuit to become free

Question 4

What were the institutions that independently worked on packet switching/packet network technology?

Answer 4

• RAND group, MIT, NPL(UK)

Question 5

What were the four nodes that were first connected over the ARPANET?

Answer 5

• University of Utah, network measurement center UCLA, Standard research institute (SRI), UC Santa Barbara

Question 6

DARPA allowed 3 contracts for TCP/IP implementation

Answer 6

1. Standford (Cerf)
2. BBN (Ray Tomlinson)
3. UCL (Peter Kirstein)

Question 7

What was invented to make remembering network addresses easier?

Answer 7

The Domain Name System (DNS)

Question 8

Documenting was key in growing the internet. Allowing access to its basic documents, specification, and protocols this was done by establishing what?

Answer 8

RFC (request for comments) series of notes.

Question 9

What was The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)?

Answer 9

early packet switching network
and the first network to implement the protocol suite
TCP/IP. Both technologies became the technical
foundation of the Internet.

Question 10

circuit switching

Answer 10

dedicated channel has to be established before the call is made between users

Question 11

packet switching

Answer 11

the connection/channel is
available to use by many users. But when capacity
or number of users increases then it will lead to
congestion in the network

Question 12

The proposed line speed to be used in the ARPANET
design was upgraded from

Answer 12

2.4 kbps to 50 kbp

Question 13

idea of open-architecture networking was first
introduced at

Answer 13

DARPA

Question 14

after NCP was implemented key issues that
needed to be addresses at the time were

Answer 14

-Algorithms to prevent lost packets from permanently
disabling communications and enabling successful
retransmission from the source

-Providing host-to-host “pipelining” so multiple
packets could be enroute from source to destination
at the discretion of hosts

-Gateway functions that allowed appropriate packet
forwarding, interpretation of IP headers for routing,
handling interfaces, breaking packets into smaller pieces

-End-end checksums, reassembly of packets from
fragments and detection of duplicates

-The need for global addressing

-Techniques for host-to-host flow control

-Interfacing with the various operating systems

Question 15

What caused nascent internet to fluorish?

Answer 15

Widespread development of LANS, PCs and workstations in the 1980s.

Question 16

Ethernet technology

Answer 16

the dominant network
technology in the Internet and PCs and workstations the dominant computers

Question 17

A major shift occurred as a result of the increase in scale of the Internet and its associated management issues. What was made to deal w issue?

Answer 17

Domain Name System (DNS)
was developed.
(no longer necessary to remember the numeric
addresses previously associated with hosts.)

Question 18

increase in the size of the Internet challenged the
capabilities of

Answer 18

routers

Question 19

Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)

Answer 19

used inside each region of the Internet

Question 20

Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)

Answer 20

used to tie the regions together.

Question 21

Commercialization of internet

Answer 21

the development of
competitive, private network services, the development of commercial products implementing theInternet technology.

Question 22

what is “internet”?

Answer 22

global
information system that — (i) is logically linked together by a globally unique address
space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons; (ii)
is able to support communications using the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP) suite or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons, and/or other IP compatible protocols; and (iii) provides, uses or makes accessible, either publicly or
privately, high level services layered on the communications and related infrastructure
described herein.