quiz 1

Question 1

what is a “theory’

Answer 1

a group of logically organized laws/relationships that constitute explanation in a discipline
framework for action

Question 2

why do we need theories for counseling

Answer 2

helps make sense of things, provides info for the future, framework for therapists

Question 3

what are the major theories of counseling

Answer 3

tradition/theory centered:
- one set of techniques
- focus on symptoms
- fixed and rigid
- helper is authority and neutral
- fit client to the approach

integrative/client centered
- combo of approaches
- focus on whole person
- flexible and adaptable
- helper is partner, caring, active, supportive
- customize approach to client

Question 4

how to develop a personal theory of counseling

Answer 4

1: exploration
2: examination
3: integration
4: personalization

need a strong understanding of personal beliefs, values and attitudes

Question 5

reasons to become counselors

Answer 5

• you want to make a difference
• prevent someone from having problems to begin w
• want to help someone from a developmental standpoint and reach their full potential
• may be trying to solve their own problems
• have power over others
• god like complex; can solve all problems

Question 6

characteristics of effective counselors

Answer 6

able to listen and not judge
empathetic
values clients experiences
convey trust/respect
self-aware
sensitive to cultural differences
tolerance for ambiguity
ethical

Question 7

common issues counselors face

Answer 7

dealing w anxiety
being oneself and self-disclosing
avoiding perfectionism
being honest ab limitations
understanding silence

Question 8

define:
ethical issues
professional issues
legal issues

Question 9

explain:
competence
consent
confidentiality
privileged communication
child abuse report

Question 10

introduce different codes of ethics

Answer 10

purpose:
- provide framework for ethical behavior
- set standards for practice
- protect clients, communities, and the profession

origin:
- created by prof. orgs
- required to be followed by members of prof. orgs
- requirements of most state licensing boards

Question 11

use an ethical decision model

Answer 11

Assess options
Be mindful of process
Consult
Document
Evaluate

Question 12

basic assumptions of psychoanalysis

Answer 12

personality = interplay of opposing forces
past influences the present
theory is developmental
- humans develop or grow by passing through sequential stages

Question 13

biography of freud

Answer 13

• victorian era
• boyhood heroes (napoleon and Hannibal)
• drug use
• smoking

Question 14

freud’s view on human nature

Answer 14

-everyone’s personality is established by age 6
- no free will
- we behaved, acted, and thought the way we did bc of drives, biological, and instinctual forces

Question 15

levels of consciousness

Answer 15

conscious, preconscious, unconscious

Question 16

freud’s components of personality

Answer 16

id: unconscious needs
ego: buffer between id and reality
superego: similar to conscience

Question 17

defense mechanisms

Answer 17

repression: pushed memories into the subconscious
regression: returning to previous stage of development
rationalization: false but credible justifications
denial: refusing to believe / acknowledge an event

Question 18

freud and therapy

Answer 18

long term
intense
lie on the couch
client free associates
therapist goal: make unconscious conscious