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Zoology > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Taxonomy

A

The systematic ordering and naming of organisms

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2
Q

Swedish Botanist- recognized for being the ‘father of nomenclature’. Proposed binomial naming system. Developed first workable classification system.

A

Carl Linnaeus

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3
Q

Members of a reproductive community that excludes members of other species.

A

Species

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4
Q

Species too similar in morphology to be separated by morphological characters alone

A

Sibling (cryptic) species

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5
Q

Specimen that are labeled and deposited in a museum at the time that the species is first described

A

Type specimens

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6
Q

A single specimen that is clearly designated in the original description of the species and is placed in a major museum

A

Holotype

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7
Q

Each type of specimen other than the holotype referred to in the original species description. These are located in the museum’s research collection

A

Paratypes

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8
Q

A technique for identifying organisms to species using a sequence information from a standard gene present in all animals

A

DNA Barcoding

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9
Q

Science is usually split into two kingdoms of life

A

Animalia and Plantae

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10
Q

The Five Basic Kingdoms proposed by Robert Whittaker

A

Monera (Bacteria), Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia

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11
Q

Six Kingdom System

A

Archaea, Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

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12
Q

Prokaryotes that differ from bacteria in membrane structure and ribosomal RNA sequences

A

Domain Archaea

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13
Q

Prokaryotes (Lack organelles and nuclear membrane)

A

Domain Bacteria

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14
Q

Eukaryotes (has organelles and a nuclear membrane)

A

Domain Eukarya

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15
Q

Classification Categories in order

A

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

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16
Q

Pneumonic for Classification System

A

King Phillip Came Over From Great Spain

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17
Q

People who specialize in identifying naming and classifying organisms

A

Taxonomists

18
Q

Taxonomists that use evolutionary theory to try and establish relationships between different groups

A

Systematists

19
Q

A system of arranging taxa by analysis of evolutionary derived characteristics so that the arrangement reflects phylogenetic relationships.

A

Cladistics

20
Q

The origin and diversification of a taxonomic group (the evolutionary history of its origin)

A

Phylogeny

21
Q

A character presumed to be present in the common ancestor of the entire taxon of interest

A

Ancestral character state

22
Q

A character presumed to have arose later within the taxon

A

Derived character state

23
Q

A subset of species that share derived character states

A

Clade

24
Q

A nested hierarchy of clades presented as a branching diagram

A

Cladogram

25
Q

A taxon that includes the most recent common ancestor of the group and all the descendants of that ancestor

A

Monophyletic

26
Q

A taxon that includes the most recent common ancestor of all the members of the group and some but not all dependents of that ancestor

A

Paraphyletic

27
Q

A taxon that does not include the most common ancestor of all members of a group

A

Polyphyletic

28
Q

Structures that are proposed to have been passed on from a common ancestor because they are similar in structure

A

Homologous structures

29
Q

Structures similar in function but structurally unrelated

A

Analogous structures

30
Q

All activities occur within a single plasma membrane. No germ layer present. No tissue, but specialized organelle occur.

A

Animal-like protists (Protozoa)

31
Q

One organism lives in intimate association with another

A

Symbiosis

32
Q

Symbiosis where both organisms benefit

A

Mutualism

33
Q

Symbiosis where one member benefits and the other is unaffected

A

Commensalism

34
Q

Symbiosis where there is a host/parasite relationship

A

Parasitism

35
Q

Feeding strategy that uses inorganic chemicals and energy to produce organic material

A

Autotrophic

36
Q

Feeding strategy that requires a supply or organic matter from the environment

A

Heterotrophic

37
Q

Whip-like tail in cells that has a propellor like movement

A

Flagella

38
Q

Little protrusions in the cell that facilitate lateral movement, handling food, and reproduction.

A

Cilia

39
Q

Temporary cytoplasmic protrusion out from the cell

A

Pseudopodia

40
Q

Active regulation of internal osmotic pressure

A

Osmoregulation

41
Q

A vacuole in some protists that expels excess liquid on contraction

A

Contractile vacuole

Zoology (1 decks)

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