Quiz 1

Question 1

Taxonomy

Answer 1

The systematic ordering and naming of organisms

Question 2

Swedish Botanist- recognized for being the ‘father of nomenclature’. Proposed binomial naming system. Developed first workable classification system.

Answer 2

Carl Linnaeus

Question 3

Members of a reproductive community that excludes members of other species.

Answer 3

Species

Question 4

Species too similar in morphology to be separated by morphological characters alone

Answer 4

Sibling (cryptic) species

Question 5

Specimen that are labeled and deposited in a museum at the time that the species is first described

Answer 5

Type specimens

Question 6

A single specimen that is clearly designated in the original description of the species and is placed in a major museum

Answer 6

Holotype

Question 7

Each type of specimen other than the holotype referred to in the original species description. These are located in the museum’s research collection

Answer 7

Paratypes

Question 8

A technique for identifying organisms to species using a sequence information from a standard gene present in all animals

Answer 8

DNA Barcoding

Question 9

Science is usually split into two kingdoms of life

Answer 9

Animalia and Plantae

Question 10

The Five Basic Kingdoms proposed by Robert Whittaker

Answer 10

Monera (Bacteria), Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia

Question 11

Six Kingdom System

Answer 11

Archaea, Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Question 12

Prokaryotes that differ from bacteria in membrane structure and ribosomal RNA sequences

Answer 12

Domain Archaea

Question 13

Prokaryotes (Lack organelles and nuclear membrane)

Answer 13

Domain Bacteria

Question 14

Eukaryotes (has organelles and a nuclear membrane)

Answer 14

Domain Eukarya

Question 15

Classification Categories in order

Answer 15

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 16

Pneumonic for Classification System

Answer 16

King Phillip Came Over From Great Spain

Question 17

People who specialize in identifying naming and classifying organisms

Answer 17

Taxonomists

Question 18

Taxonomists that use evolutionary theory to try and establish relationships between different groups

Answer 18

Systematists

Question 19

A system of arranging taxa by analysis of evolutionary derived characteristics so that the arrangement reflects phylogenetic relationships.

Answer 19

Cladistics

Question 20

The origin and diversification of a taxonomic group (the evolutionary history of its origin)

Answer 20

Phylogeny

Question 21

A character presumed to be present in the common ancestor of the entire taxon of interest

Answer 21

Ancestral character state

Question 22

A character presumed to have arose later within the taxon

Answer 22

Derived character state

Question 23

A subset of species that share derived character states

Answer 23

Clade

Question 24

A nested hierarchy of clades presented as a branching diagram

Answer 24

Cladogram

Question 25

A taxon that includes the most recent common ancestor of the group and all the descendants of that ancestor

Answer 25

Monophyletic

Question 26

A taxon that includes the most recent common ancestor of all the members of the group and some but not all dependents of that ancestor

Answer 26

Paraphyletic

Question 27

A taxon that does not include the most common ancestor of all members of a group

Answer 27

Polyphyletic

Question 28

Structures that are proposed to have been passed on from a common ancestor because they are similar in structure

Answer 28

Homologous structures

Question 29

Structures similar in function but structurally unrelated

Answer 29

Analogous structures

Question 30

All activities occur within a single plasma membrane. No germ layer present. No tissue, but specialized organelle occur.

Answer 30

Animal-like protists (Protozoa)

Question 31

One organism lives in intimate association with another

Answer 31

Symbiosis

Question 32

Symbiosis where both organisms benefit

Answer 32

Mutualism

Question 33

Symbiosis where one member benefits and the other is unaffected

Answer 33

Commensalism

Question 34

Symbiosis where there is a host/parasite relationship

Answer 34

Parasitism

Question 35

Feeding strategy that uses inorganic chemicals and energy to produce organic material

Answer 35

Autotrophic

Question 36

Feeding strategy that requires a supply or organic matter from the environment

Answer 36

Heterotrophic

Question 37

Whip-like tail in cells that has a propellor like movement

Answer 37

Flagella

Question 38

Little protrusions in the cell that facilitate lateral movement, handling food, and reproduction.

Answer 38

Cilia

Question 39

Temporary cytoplasmic protrusion out from the cell

Answer 39

Pseudopodia

Question 40

Active regulation of internal osmotic pressure

Answer 40

Osmoregulation

Question 41

A vacuole in some protists that expels excess liquid on contraction

Answer 41

Contractile vacuole