quiz #1 Flashcards
verable communication
Spoken and written
Tone, volume, and cadence of voice
non- verable communication
Body movement
Appearance
Personal space
Touch
patient- centred care
Improves communication
Promotes patient involvement in care
Creates positive relationships with nurse
Results in treatment compliance
Include patients/family in collaboration
Respect cultural differences
evidence informed practice
Effective communication and support from health care providers often reduces psychological distress in patients in a variety of settings.
Health care providers need to consider the needs of older persons in order for person-centred communication to occur.
Communicate using printed educational material that focuses on message readability and plain language.
The nurse at a local community centre is preparing to teach a group of elderly women about oral hygiene. All of the women have some degree of hearing impairment, and one woman is deaf in her left ear. How can the nurse best communicate with this group?
The nurse will yell loudly, highlighting the most important words.
The nurse will play a movie about hygiene from the era of the women.
The nurse will use visual communication along with oral presentation.
The nurse will teach each woman separately, allowing 10 minutes per session.
C. The nurse will use visual communication along with oral presentation.
safety guidelines
Listen to what and how the patient communicates.
Know your attitudes.
Control external and psychological factors that affect communication.
Have family member present, to reinforce instructions.
Control noise level and interruptions to maintain privacy boundaries.
Establish and understand the purpose of the action.
Guide the interaction.
Communicate clearly when communicating with colleagues.
Guide the interaction.
What does the nurse personally need to do before communicating with patients?
Make sure all visitors have left the room before starting.
Be aware of his/her/their own feelings related to communication.
Learn to speak a language in addition to English.
Ask the patient to refrain from talking so the nurse can express all his/her/their ideas.
B. Be aware of his/her/their own feelings related to communication.
Therapeutic Communication Techniques
Listening
Broad Openings
Restating
Clarification
Reflection
Informing
Focusing
Silence
nurse-patient relationships
Describe components of the three phases that characterize the nurse-patient relationship:
Orientation
Working
Termination
Communication and Documentation
Record communication pertinent to patient’s health, response to illness, and responses that demonstrate understanding or lack of understanding.
Document teach-back and any changes to teaching plan.
Report relevant information to health care team.
Special Considerations
Teaching
Use gestures, pictures, role playing
Individualize patient teaching
Mental health considerations
Develop trust by providing support and empathy
Pediatric
Understand child’s feelings and thought processes
Use age-appropriate communication techniques
Gerontological
Be aware of impairment
Avoid stereotyping
Care in the Community
Adjust techniques for patient’s primary caregiver
Incorporate communication into daily activities
The nurse will use the communication skill of paraphrasing so that she can:
Quote an expert source to the patient.
Record the conversation to play back for the family.
Provide her opinion for the patient.
Restate the patient’s original message.
Answer:
D. Restate the patient’s original message.
patient- centrered care
Patient-centered care puts patients at the forefront of their health and care, ensures they retain control over their own choices, helps them make informed decisions and supports a partnership between individuals, families, and health care services providers.
Patient-centered care incorporates the following key components:
• self-management;
• shared and informed decision-making;
• an enhanced experience of health care;
• improved information and understanding;
• the advancement of prevention and health promotion activities.
Patients, families and caregivers are partners in health care, supported and encouraged to participate in: their own care, decision-making about that care, choosing their level of participation in decision-making, quality improvement, health care redesign.
Four core principles for person -centered care
Dignity and Respect: this principle speaks to the need for active listening to patients and families and to honouring their choices and decisions. This is done through incorporating the patients and families values, beliefs and cultural norms into care plans and care delivery.
Information Sharing Participative: communication of timely, accurate and complete information with patients and families on what decisions are to be made, and validating with the patients and families what they have heard and understood, is the basis of this principle. This leads to supporting an informed decision by the patients and families.
Participation Patients and families are encouraged and supported in participating in care and informed decision making at the level at which they feel comfortable and of their own choice. The level of participation is determined through the spectrum of engagement outlined by the International Association of Public Participation (IAP2). The spectrum of engagement range is inform, consult, involve, collaborate and empower.
Collaboration Patients and families are provided meaningful opportunities to engage with care providers and leaders in the continuum of quality improvement, policy and program development, implementation and evaluation. This includes the potential for patient/family engagement in health care facility design, health care system redesign, professional education and the delivery of care
48/6
The 48/6 refers to a model of care in the acute care setting that provides an integrated approach to screen and assess every admitted adult patient in six areas of care:
Nutrition and hydration – assessing food and liquid intake, any swallowing issues, food allergies, and supplementing if needed.
Cognitive function - memory, thinking, judgement, calculation, and visuospatial skills. Assess for possibility of delirium, depression, dementia, and/or mild cognitive impairment.
Medication management - reviewing medication lists, dosages (dose and frequency), potential medication interactions (including supplements & herbal products) and balancing the benefits vs side effects/risks of medications.
Pain – the use of medications and other interventions to prevent, decrease, or eliminate acute or chronic pain.
Mobility - a person’s ability to stand, walk, and transfer from bed to a chair. Bed rest contributes to muscle atrophy and reduced endurance and will ultimately affect mobility.
Bowel/bladder function – assessing a patient’s usual bowel and bladder function with the aim of maintaining it. May need to intervene
These six areas are interrelated. When one area is affected, others are also affected.
Based on the assessment, all members of the health care team will then develop and implement a personalized, documented care plan within 48 hours of the decision to admit.
This model offers a consistent, standardized, holistic approach to care with a specific focus on pre-hospital function, specific clinical documentation, and core tools for improved communication and measurement.
six concepts of 48/6
Nutrition and hydration
cognitive function
medication managment
pain
mobility
bowl/bladder function`
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)
Personal Hygiene: bathing, grooming, oral, nail and hair care
Transferring (ambulation): change from one position to another, walk independently
Toileting: continence/incontinence care; mental and physical ability to properly use the bathroom
Dressing: can select proper clothes for different occasion
Meal Prep/Feeding: able to make meals and feed self
Proper PPE (personal protective equitment)
Put on the gown
Put on Mask if required
Put on eye protection if required
Put on face shield if required
Put on gloves
Enter the Room
source of infection
Healthcare worker (RN, Physician, Students, RT, Physio, Social Worker)
Visitors (Family, Friends)
Patients (Multi-bed rooms, shared bathrooms)
Environment (Wet or dry surfaces [bed rails, sink, countertop, ventilators], indwelling medical devices [catheters, IV’s])
mode of entry of infection
Anyone who is immunocompromised, not vaccinated
Anyone with an indwelling medical device, as this serves as a portal of entry
Individuals with underlying medical conditions (diabetes, heart disease, for example)
Medical treatments, such as steroids and antibiotics
Life-saving measures, such as surgery, ventilation (introduce a portal of entry
