Quiz 1

Question 1

Acheulean handaxe:

Answer 1

Thought to have been produced by H. Erectus, found in 1800s by John Frere, was the first clear presentation of the association in an open site of man-made tools and extinct animals

Question 2

Anthropocene

Answer 2

the current geological age, viewed as the period during which human activity has been the dominant influence on climate and the environment. Began in 1950, characteristics are technology, population growth, health and hygiene, and increased production and consumption

Question 3

Anthropology

Answer 3

the study of what makes humans, human

Question 4

Antiquarian

Answer 4

one who collects artifacts and bones

Question 5

Archaeology

Answer 5

The study of our human past, combining the themes of time and change, using the material remains that have survived

Question 6

Artifact

Answer 6

objects and materials that people have made and used in the past

Question 7

Cultural Resource Management (CRM)

Answer 7

Archaeology or other historic preservation activities done by state, university, and private organization to study and mitigate the impact of construction and development ton the archaeological and historical record

Question 8

Culture

Answer 8

The general set of behaviors and knowledge that humans use to survive and adapt

Question 9

Culture History

Answer 9

A focus in archaeology on the geographic and chronological dimensions of the remains from the past

Question 10

Deduction

Answer 10

A top-down way of reasoning which uses hypotheses and test to form a conclusion, allows scientists to rule out

Question 11

Fact

Answer 11

an idea that is known or can be proven to be true

Question 12

Features

Answer 12

term for non-portable facilities and structures that humans make, build or dig.

modifications of the earth, constructions used for shelter, movement, and various other activities.

Canals, bridges, and burials included

Question 13

Folsom Site

Answer 13

Site in New Mexico, extinct bison bones found by George McJunkin, later excavations reveal artifacts in the same layer and connected to the bones. answered the question about how long people had lived in the New World

Question 14

Ales Hrdlicka

Answer 14

Czech Anthropologist, founder of physical anthropology and journal of. Set standards of how demonstrate great age in artifacts

Question 15

Hypothesis

Answer 15

An idea or suggestion for explaining an observation

Question 16

in situ

Answer 16

in its original place

Question 17

induction

Answer 17

Bottom up reasoning, specific site/data sets are used to draw conclusions from specific data sets and apply them to general questions

Question 18

Alfred Kidder

Answer 18

known for archeological work at Pecos Pueblo/use of ceramic evidence in identifying various archaeological cultures in the Southwest

Question 19

Linguistics

Answer 19

The study of human languages

Question 20

Midden

Answer 20

Archaeological deposits of trash and/shells that accumulate in heaps and mounds at a locus of human activity.

Question 21

Paleoanthropology

Answer 21

the study of the history of human evolution through the fossil record

Question 22

Paradigm

Answer 22

a model; an example

Question 23

Postmodernism

Answer 23

There is no object reality or facts, science is used to establish power, reason can’t be trusted, etc.

Question 24

Potsherd

Answer 24

a broken piece of ceramic material, especially one found on an archaeological site.

Question 25

Science

Answer 25

seeks, natural explanations for natural phenomena, operates under the assumption that there is a real universe, methodical approach

Question 26

Stratigraphy

Answer 26

A sequence of layers in the ground

Question 27

Testability

Answer 27

Ability of a hypothesis, for example, to be subjected to scientific scrutiny and to be accepted or rejected, a necessary condition for the hypothesis to be useful.

Question 28

Theory

Answer 28

A generally accepted explanation of observed events or relationships

Question 29

Cyrus Thomas

Answer 29

1890 anthropologist who dismantled the Moundbuilder myth by using a scientific approach, concluding that moundbuilders were ancestors of modern native americans

Question 30

Christian Thomsen

Answer 30

Danish anthropologist who introduced the three-age system; dividing pre-history into the stone, bronze, and iron-age

Question 31

Uniformitarianism

Answer 31

Created by Charles Lyell, geological principle that the processes of erosion and deposition observed in action today also operated in the past

Question 32

Verification

Answer 32

the process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.

Question 33

Jens Worsaae

Answer 33

student of Thomsen, considered the first archaeologist of the day, found layers of stone that proved the three age system

Question 34

Lewis Binford

Answer 34

Leader of the “New Archaeology” movement in the 60s. Movement emphasized deductive reasoning, quantitative methods, and search for general laws and processes