Quiz 1

Question 1

epilepsy

Answer 1

brian disorder characterized by repeared seizure

Question 2

seizure

Answer 2

usually defined as a sudden alteration of behavior due to a temporary change in the brain’s electrical functioning.
-Normally, the brain continuously generates tiny electrical impulses in an orderly pattern but not here.

Question 3

cognition

Answer 3

a variety of higher mental processes such as thinking, perceiving, imagining, speaking, acting, and planting

Question 4

cogneuro science

Answer 4

cognitive sicence and cog psych together and biology and neuroscience

Question 5

what is the mind-body problem

Answer 5

How physical matter ( brain ) can produce mental experiences.
-Something we can’t see ( mind) can act on something we can see ( body)
- biology vs psych

Question 6

what is dualism

Answer 6

-Mind and body are SEPERATE
-a position that states the mind and brain are made of diff substances even though they may interact
Rene Descartes→ proponent of this.
Believed mind = non-physical & immortal. The body was physical and mortal

Question 7

dual aspect theory

Answer 7

-argued by Spinoza that mind and brain were two dif levs of explanation for the same thing, but not two dif kinds of thing
-dif explanation to same thing

Question 8

IN REDUCTIONISM, WHAT IS THE ONLY THING THAT EXISTS?

Answer 8

• ONLY THE BODY EXISTS
  crick: defines this
• although cognitive, mind-based concepts (e.g., emotions, memories, attention) are currently useful for scientific exploration, they will eventually be replaced by purely biological constructs (e.g., patterns of neuronal firings, neurotransmitter release)
  Basically, psych reduces to biology as we learn more about the brain

Question 9

Pheno

Answer 9

which is wrong ( MOSTLY)
-Dif parts of cortex are dif functions ( true)
-Diff in personality traits are reflected in cortical size (false)
-Variations in the surface of the skull ( bumps) correspond to the volume of underlying cortex (false)
-Variations in cortical location are consistent across people ( trueish, it is generally in the same spot), couple differences but not extremely
RECAP
The size of these regions produces distortions to skill, correlated to individual diff in cognition and personality. (FALSE)
the part that is suitable –> dif regions of the brain perform dif functions and are associated with dif behaviors

Question 10

functional specialization. What does it not assume?

Answer 10

This is correct, dif regions of brain are specialized for dif functions
- now: figuring out which parts connect with which areas
It does NOT assume that there’s one location nor that it only has one function
—> it could have mainly one jobe but it also has smaller jobs
-

Question 11

information processing approach

Answer 11

broadbent argues that much of cognition consist of a sequence of processing stages
like a computer program

Question 12

what is hardware and what is software

Answer 12

Cog psych is softwate and cog neuro is hardware.
Doftware; learn info w/o knowing brain/hardware

Question 13

What is a network? Are different networks on at the same time?

Answer 13

dynamically changing pattern of activity over several brain regions
– a multitude of different networks that are switched on/ off depending on thoughts or behavior needed

Question 14

connectome is what type of project? What is the MRI used to measure (2 things)?

Answer 14

project to map out the connectivity pattern in the human brain at the macro scale.
Usage of MRI to
– measure structural connectivity, white matter fibers checked
— measure functional connectivity–> patterns correlated of brain activity between regions

Question 15

Is cognitive neuroscience the new phrenology?

Answer 15

Phrenology is a pseudoscience that involves the measurement of bumps on the skull to predict mental traits, therefore not really. Regions do not measure the capacity of the brain on the skull and one trait will not grow larger than another one. It is more like there is regions that have connections to the brain that give some type of outcome ( like the speaking region being in an area from the brain)

Question 16

Does cognitive psychology need the brain?
Does neuroscience need cognitive psychology?

Answer 16

Here it is to an extent because you must be able to connect these two fields together to get a mess that could potentially lead to a new discovery. But it needs to be those two together to understand what we can see and what we can’t

Question 17

what did they believe in greek philosophy ( plato)?

Answer 17

Plato thought that the heart might be part of it, also aristotle.

Question 18

What did Wilder Penfield do?

Answer 18

stimulated the cortex. Mental sensations produced :
• “a star came down and towards my nose”
• “those fingers and my thumb gave a jump”
• “I heard the music again; it is like the radio”
This is very complicated, the brain is doing cognition and it is evidence of such

Question 19

How was Broca’s area discovered?