Quiz 1 Flashcards
Agonist
Prime Mover
Performs majority of action
Antagonist
Action opposes another muscle
Synergist
Aids and performs same action as prime mover
Stabilizer
Fixes origin of another muscle
not common
Origin
Proximal attachment
Usually doesn’t move
Insertion
Distal attachment
Usually moves
Does insertion move towards or away from origin during contraction?
Towards
Rotation
Turn bone around long axis
What plane does flexion & extension move along?
Sagittal
What plane does lateral flexion move along?
Coronal/Frontal
What plane does rotation move along?
Transverse/Horizontal
Axes & Movement
Makes an angle with axis
What movement makes an angle with the sagittal axis?
Lateral flexion
Abduction
Addiction
What movement makes an angle with the frontal axis?
Flexion
Extension
What movement makes an angle with the longitudinal axis?
Rotation
What are the 3 structural classifications of joints?
Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial
S_I_?
F - Fibrous
A_S_?
C - Cartilaginous
D_M_?
S - Synovial
The Ginglymous/Hinge joint is associated with what type of movement?
Flexion & extension
The Pivot joint is associated with what type of movement?
Rotation
The Gliding Plane joint is associated with what type of movement?
Glide/slide
The Condyloid/Ellipsocal joint is associated with what type of movement?
Flexion & extension, Abduction & adduction, Circumference,
The saddle joint is associated with what type of movement?
Flexion & extension, Abduction & adduction, Circumference - more mobile than the condyloid joint
The ball and socket joint is associated with what type of movement?
Flexion & extension, abduction & adduction, circumference, and rotational.
What is a fibrous joint?
fibrous connective tissue with no cavity
What is a cartilaginous joint?
Cartilage with no cavity
What is a synovial joint?
Synovial membrane with cavity
If a muscle is short/tight - where are the attachments in relation to each other?
Closer together
If a muscle is long/weak - where are the attachments in relation to each other?
Separate from each other
What are the 6 main points for the lateral view plumb line measurement?
- Slightly anterior to lateral malleolus
- Slightly anterior to middle of knee
- Thru greater trocanter
- Thru midline of trunk
- Thru glenohumeral joint
- Thru EAM
What are the 5 main points for the lateral view plumb line measurement?
- Midline between medial malleoli
- Midline between knees
- Gluteal cleft
- Midline of trunk
- EOP
What is a sign of forward head carriage?
Head is anterior to ideal alignment
What does forward head carriage involve?
Tight neck extensors & weak neck flexors
What do things does upper cross syndrome involve?
Forward head & rounded shoulders
What muscle combination does forward head involve?
Tight cervical extensors and weak cervical flexors
What muscle combination does rounded shoulders involve?
Tight scapular abductors & wear scapular adductors
What muscle combinations does lower cross syndrome involve?
Tight erector spinae & weak abdominals and tight iliopsoas & weak gluteus maximus
Define trigger points
Part of muscles stuck in contraction
Characteristics of TPs
Hyperirritable, painful under compression, may give rise to pain, may cause sweating, tearing
What are the two types of TPs
Active & latent
Which type of TP is asymptomatic?
Latent
What 6 things activates TPs? HINT CRIOTS
Cold Referral Ischemia Overuse/load Trauma Stress
What is the best treatment for TPs?
Polymodal approach - inactivation, lengthening muscle, lifestyle changes
