Quiz 03 Flashcards
What is Data Visualization?
A pictorial or graphical representation of data that helps humans grasp patterns, trends, and insights more easily than through tables or raw numbers.
Common formats include charts, graphs, dashboards, and infographics.
What are the types of variables in data?
Numerical and Categorical variables.
Numerical variables include discrete and continuous, while categorical variables include nominal and ordinal.
Define Discrete Numerical Variables.
Countable whole numbers (e.g., # of orders).
Define Continuous Numerical Variables.
Measurable with decimals (e.g., height, salary).
What is a Nominal Categorical Variable?
Names or labels with no order (e.g., gender, department).
What is an Ordinal Categorical Variable?
Categories with an implied order (e.g., low, medium, high performance).
What questions should you ask to determine the chart type?
What’s the business question? What’s the data you have? Do you need to aggregate? What are the types of variables involved?
When should you use a Bar/Column chart?
For comparing categories and numerical values.
When should you use a Stacked Bar/Column chart?
For categorical comparison with subcategories.
What is the purpose of a Line Chart?
To display one numerical variable across continuous intervals (e.g., time).
What is the use of a Scatter Plot?
To analyze the correlation between two numerical variables.
What does a Word Cloud represent?
The frequency of words in text.
What is the purpose of a Map in data visualization?
To show geographical/categorical variable with numerical data (e.g., sales by state).
What elements are essential in a graph?
- Title
- Axis Titles
- Legend
- Data Labels
What is a Dashboard?
A set of visualizations summarizing key insights, allowing quick interpretation of business performance.
What are the types of Dashboards?
- Strategic: Monitor long-term company goals.
- Tactical: Track mid-level business operations.
- Operational: Used in daily activities (e.g., HR, sales, marketing).
What is the purpose of Dashboards?
To summarize large volumes of data into actionable insights, provide real-time performance tracking, and improve decision-making and communication.
Define an Infographic.
A static visual summary that guides readers to a specific conclusion, different from dashboards as it lacks interactivity.
What can Infographics do?
- Simplify complex information.
- Condense reports into one image.
- Engage users with storytelling.
- Combine visuals + text effectively.
What does the Contrast principle in design guidelines refer to?
Using opposing colors and fonts to highlight differences.
What does the Repetition principle in design guidelines refer to?
Keeping fonts, sizes, and colors consistent across elements.
What does the Alignment principle in design guidelines refer to?
Visually lining up elements for organization and balance.
What does the Proximity principle in design guidelines refer to?
Grouping related elements close together for clarity.
What are some other design tips?
- Use a maximum of 3 fonts.
- Use color themes.
- Leave whitespace to avoid clutter.
- Use titles, icons, and arrows to guide the viewer.
