Quit 6

Question 1

Catabolism

Answer 1

oxidative and produces atp

Question 2

Anabolic

Answer 2

reductive NAD(P)H required, burn atp

Question 3

Chloroplasts

Answer 3

carbon assimilation

Question 4

Amyloplasts

Answer 4

Starch granule storage

Question 5

Proplastids

Answer 5

Loss of internal membranes and chlorophyll

Question 6

Three Stages of Carbon Assimilation

Answer 6

Fixation: Ribulose 1-5-bisphosphate +CO2
Reduction: 3-phosphoglycerate, ATP, NADPH
Regeneration of Acceptor: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, ATP

Question 7

step 1 Rubisco

Answer 7

Ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
First Committed step in Calvin cycle
Irreversible.
Activated by high pH and Magnesium (z scheme is working)

Question 8

C3 plants

Answer 8

First product of CO2 is 3-phosphoglycerate

Question 9

Step 2-3

Answer 9

Phosphoglycerate to gylceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
Like gluconeogenesis but requires nadph
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate can be converted into dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Question 10

Dihydroxyacetone

Answer 10

Enzyme: triose phosphare isomerase (Glucose,sucrose,starch synthesis)
Can be converted back to Ribulose 1,5-bisposphate

Question 11

Step 3

Answer 11

Regeneration Ribulose-1,5- Bis-phosphate from triose phosphates
Transaldolases rxn 1&4
Transketolase rxn 3&6

Question 12

What Drives Calvin Cycle

Answer 12

Last step ATP hydrolysis of
ribulose 5 phosphate to ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate

Question 13

net rxn to make Hexose

Answer 13

6CO2 +18ATP + 12 NADPH –> C6H12O6 +18 ADP + 12 NADP+

Question 14

Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphotase

Answer 14

Activated by rise in pH and Mg2+ (Sun)
Committed step > Calvin Cycle

Question 15

Proton gradient

Answer 15

light activated H+ flows into thylakoid lumen and mg2+ leaves. pH of stroma increase activating Calvin cycle

Question 16

Carb Biosynthesis

Answer 16

Synthesis of sugars from CO2 and ATP/NADPH
phosphorus-trioses must be exported from stroma of chloroplast into cytosol before made into hexoses.

Question 17

Pi-Triose phosphate antiporter

Answer 17

Cytosol > Stroma : free phosphate
Stroma > Cytosol : Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (from Calvin cycle) ==>==>==> sucrose

And
Cyt > Str : 3 phosphorusgylcerate
Str > Cyt : Pi

Question 18

ferrodoxin-thiodoxin reductase

Answer 18

Thioredoxin s-s (inactive) + Ferrodoxin(red) –> thioredoxin sh sh (active) + Ferrodoxin (ox)==>==> +O2 -> 1/2 H2O

Ferrodoxin reduced comes from ETC

Question 19

make starch/sucrose or eat at night

Answer 19

Thioredoxin pathway

Question 20

Ribulose-1,5-Bis Phosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase

Answer 20

Rubisco + High [O2] -> Phosphoglycolate + 3-Phosphoglycerate

Question 21

Cyanobacteria

Answer 21

Carboxysome (impermeable membrane co2 and o2 can’t enter) HCO3 can enter.

Question 22

Glycolate Pathway

Answer 22

plant makes use of the products to make 2-phosphoglycolate to serine + CO2

Question 23

C-3 vs C-4 plants