Quinolones

Question 1

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 1

Use:
Covers most aerobic gram negatives
Pseudomonas
Penetrates CNS, prostate, lungs

Limited against staph

Question 2

Non-cipro quinolones:

Ofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin

Answer 2

use:
Respiratory pathogens
Some atypicals: mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella

Only levofloxacin covers pseudomonas

Question 3

Macrolides:

Erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin

Answer 3

use:
Broad specture against gram + (strep and staph aureus)
Atypicals: Mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella
N. gonorrhea, H flu, legionella

Not MRSA

Question 4

Macrolide adverse effects/drug interactions

Answer 4

Interacts with statin to cause myopathy
Can cause QT prolongation
GI upset

Question 5

Quinolone adverse effects/drug interactions

Answer 5

QT prolongation
Tendon rupture
CNS toxicity
Do not use in patients with epilepsy or existing CNS lesions or inflammation
Commonly causes C diff

Question 6

Lincosamides:

Clindamycin

Answer 6

Use:
Gram positive aerobic 
Strep (special role in treating strep in necrotizing fasciitis)
Staph
MRSA

Question 7

Clindamycin adverse effects/drug interactions

Answer 7

Can interact with neuromuscular blocking agents and cyclosporine
Diarrhea
Commonly causes C diff

Question 8

Metronidazole

Answer 8

No aerobic activity
Not stand alone for mixed infections
Good coverage of anaerobes
Can be used for C diff, parasites, bacterial vaginosis

Question 9

Metronidazole adverse effects/interactions

Answer 9

Reduced dose in liver disease
Increase effect of warfarin
Nausea, GI tox
Antabuse reactions with ETOH
headache
seizure
Peripheral neuropathy with prolonged therapy