Quick Questions Flashcards
Organisms that make their own food
Autotrophs
Process of adding hydrogen to carbon dioxide
Reduction
Incorporation of inorganic co2 into an organic molecule
Fixation
Part of leaf able to change the orientation of the leaf lamina to face the sun
Leaf blade
Layer of cell containing the most chloroplasts and how they’re adapted to aid photosynthesis
Palisade cell layer
Tall and closely packed together. Cylindrical shape for maximum absorption of light by chloroplasts.
Why is a leaf so thin?
For efficient gas exchange and larger surface area for photosynthesis
Function of the stomata
Like a valve for gas exchange whilst preventing loss of water
How does the spongy mesophyll layer help photosynthesis
Allows lots of co2 into the leaf for photosynthesis
Vascular tissue in a plant
Xylem and phloem
How xylem helps photosynthesis
Transports h2o from roots to leaves
How phloem helps photosynthesis
Transports glucose produced in photosynthesis to the rest of the plant
Features of epidermal cells that assist the leaf photosynthesising
Thin+ transparent to allow light to reach the palisade cells
Word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen
Chemical equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Why do all living organisms need a source of energy
Movement Respiration Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrition Sensitivity
Autotrophic organisms 3 kingdoms
Prokaryotes
Protoctista
Plantae
Heterotrophic nutrition.
Consumes food/ nutrition from other organisms
Autotrophic nutrition
Creates own food energy from photosynthesis
Energy source for photosynthesis
Solar energy
Raw materials required for photosynthesis
CO2
H2O
Chlorophyll
Waste product of photosynthesis. Why is it a useful byproduct?
Oxygen
Organisms need it to respire
Photosystems
Photosynthetic pigments are arranged as Photosystems in the thylakoid membranes
Two types of Photosystems
PS11 = P680 form (granal lamellae)
PS1 = P700 form (intergranal lamellae)
Function of accessory pigments
Transfer energy to chlorophyll a by absorbing light at other wavelength ranges
Examples of accessory pigments
Chlorophyll b
Carotenoids
Purpose of photosynthetic pigment
To absorb light so that the plant can use its energy
Why do plants use more than one pigment?
So it can absorb different colours of light and collect more energy
The overall rate is determined by
The slowest reaction in the pathway
Ways to measure the rate of photosynthesis
Oxygen production over time
Carbon dioxide use per unit time
