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OB/GYN > Quick Learn > Flashcards

Quick Learn Flashcards

1
Q

Depleted in DIC:

A

platelets & fibrinogen (1)

- fibrinogen to fibrin(1a) via thrombin

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2
Q

What push you to C-section with decels?

A

Head not engaged (-1 station for example)

  • arrest of descent = no movement in 3 hrs G1
    • or 2 hours in G2+
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3
Q

PMP symptoms

A

Estrogen deficiency

  • vasomotor flushes
  • vaginal dryness & atrophy
  • osteoporosis/osteopenia
  • decreased sexual functioning
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4
Q

Symptoms of Chorioamnionitis?

A 
Fever > 100.4
Maternal and fetal tachycardia
Leukocytosis
Foul smelling amnionic fluid
Uterine tenderness
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5
Q

Why check abdominal circumference to monitor IUGR?

A

Most sensitive indicator of intrauterine growth restriction b/c other areas get priority blood flow (e.g. head). Abdomen does not get priority blood flow so you will see growth restriction here even if don’t see it elsewhere.

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6
Q

When give aspirin + heparin in pregger?

A

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome

  • hyper coagulable state
  • due to antibodies vs phospholipids on plasma membranes
  • can be 2/2 SLE or other AI disorders
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7
Q

Biopsy findings and treatment for lichen sclerosus of vulvar?

A

Inflammation, thinning of epidermis, hyperkeratosis

Tx: clobetasol propionate (corticosteroid)

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8
Q

Treatment for PP endometritis?

A

Clindamycin + gentamicin

- a Gentleman helps a PP women become clean

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9
Q

White blood cell casts:

A

Pyelonephritis:

  • ascending UTI: urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, hematuria, suprapubic pain
  • CVA tenderness + Fever + N/V
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10
Q

Can you do transvaginal U/S to confirm twin pregnancy in 1st Trimester?

A

Yes - want to see two+ fetal poles

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11
Q

Seizure disorder in women, then pregnancy, what likely?

A

Neural tube defects

  • Valproate
  • Carbamazepine
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12
Q

Isotonic resuscitation fluids:

A

Normal saline 0.9% NaCl, preferred if blood not available

Lactated Ringer’s, but this can’t be put through same IV as as blood products

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13
Q

Cause of uterine atony?

A

Lack of contraction of spiral arteries supplying the placental bed

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14
Q

What contraception can you use in a 35yo smoker?

A

Depot medroxygrogesterone acetate (DMPA)

  • progesterone-only
  • can’t have anything w/ Estrogen
    • due to risk thromboembolism
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15
Q

Smooth philtrum, thin vermillion border
Short palpebral fissure length
What heart findings?
What disease?

A

Holosystolic murmur
VSD

Fetal alcohol syndrome
#1 cause preventable mental retardation
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16
Q

What kind of murmur normal in preg?

A

Flow murmur - systolic!!

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17
Q

Odorless d/c (white/clear)
Increased vaginal itching
Erythematous vulva
Recent hx of?

A

Benign yeast infection
- recent hx antibiotic use

Irritated, red, swollen vulva

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18
Q

Tender, enlarged, boggy uterus…

A

Adenomyosis

  • need tissue analysis to see…
  • endometrial gland & stroma w/in myometrium
  • maybe see heterogenous myometrium on MRI or TV U/S
19
Q

Fetal problem decreased by using Anti-Rh(D) immune globulin vaccination?

A

Less hydrops fetalis in the US

  • fluid collection w/in fetus
    • usu results in fetal demise
20
Q

LCIS on Pap smear
At what age do you watch for 1 year
At what age do you do colposcopy?

A

25 years and older = colposcopy

21
Q

Bloody needs biopsy

A

FNA biopsy = bloody from breast mass

  • excisional biopsy needed regardless of imaging results.
  • also do excisional for persistent, complex cysts
  • also do if positive cytology
22
Q

Gold standard to prove disease that causes cyclical pelvic pain + dysmenorrhea + dyspareunia +/- bowel/bladder symptoms?

A

Endometriosis

  • diagnostic laparoscopy
  • Biopsy-proven endometriosis at time of laparoscopy = gold standard for diagnosis
23
Q

When is urine hCG able to detect pregnancy?

A

8-9 days after conception

- so after sexual assault, do pregnancy text in a few weeks.

24
Q

Mifepristone & Misoprostol 2-3 days later for abortion up to what gestational age?

Methotrexate can be used but then need to give misoprostol 3-7 days later (complete termination takes longer)

A

Before 7 weeks (49 days)

25
Q

What color will amniotic fluid turn nitrazine strip and why?

A

Blue - it is alkaline pH > 7

26
Q

What kind of seizures are eclampsia?

A

Tonic-clonic

Mag is seizure prophylaxis

27
Q

Indirect Coombs test

A

Detect Ab vs. RBC’s
- prenatal look for anti-Rhesus / anti-D antibodies

Rhogam = anti-D immunoglobulin

28
Q

What increases risk of spontaneous abortion?

A

Structural abnormalities of uterine cavity:
- Septate uterus

Can resect this via hysteroscope which allows many women to carry to term

29
Q

Asherman syndrome

A

Multiple dilation & curettage
- adhesions +/- fibrosis of endometrium

many other names (sclerotic endometrium, intrauterine synechiae).

30
Q

Limb hypoplasia + chorioretinitis?

A

Congenital varicella

- also zig-zag or cicatricial rash

31
Q

Fetal CMV sequalae?

A

Hearing impairment
Ventriculomegaly
Low birth weight

32
Q

How prevent acute pyelonephritis?

A

Screening culture to catch asymptomatic bacteria…at initial obstretics visit.

33
Q

Postop fever (up to 48 hours)

A

Common after surgery
- do expectant management
- unlikely to be a true infection
If +48 hours, evaluate w/ physical exam + labs + inspect wound + rectovaginal exam

34
Q

Kleihauer-Betke testing

A

Fetomaternal hemorrhage detection

  • serum evaluation that quantifies fetal blood cells w/in maternal circulation
  • done w/ stillbirth (>20wk demise)
35
Q

Test young women annually for:

A

Chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV

- nucleic acid amplification testing for genital infection

36
Q

Estrogen levels decline after menopause, this affects…

A

LDL - estrogen decreases LDL so PMP women can have abnormal LDL levels.
Osteoporosis/bone density - but only screen starting at 65yo

37
Q

Major SE after D&C?

A

Cramping & Low Abdominal Pain: can last 1-2 days

- give NSAIDs

38
Q

What rash begins on the face and travels to the trunk and extremities? Treatment when preg?

A

Rubella

- termination of pregnancy is < 18 weeks

39
Q

Peak fetal growth?

A

Week 34, about 35 grams per day

earlier, week, gain 10 g/day

40
Q

2nd Trimester, painless, vaginal d/c + pelvic pressure

- ballooning membranes into endocervical canal

A

Cervical insufficiency
- painless
- expulsion of fetus
(painlessness separates it from preterm labor)

41
Q

Depression in ___ and ___

A

Menarche and menopause

42
Q

Why is hysterosalpingography contraindicated in active or suspected infection?

A

Will drag the bacterial infection into the upper GI tract (cause PID)

43
Q

VZV infection, initial illness rash?

A

Pruritic vesicular lesions in all stages of healing

  • can be disseminated (face, trunk, limbs)
  • can be cicatricial

OB/GYN (9 decks)

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